基于层次分析法的供应商选择与评价 - 图文(16)

石家庄铁道大学毕业论文

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Fuzzy AHP approach for supplier selection in a washing machine

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Literature survey

During recent years supply chain management and supplier selection process have received considerable attention in the literature. Supplier selection is a multi-criteria problem and there are not a lot of efficient techniques or algorithms that address this problem. However three major groups of methods in the literature are mathematical programming models, cost based models, and categorical models.

Since supplier selection problems usually have several objectives such as maximization of quality or maximization of profit or minimization of cost, the problem can be modeled using mathematical programming. Weber and Current (1993) proposed a multi-objective approach to supplier selection to aim at minimizing the price, maximizing the quality and on time delivery using systems‘ constraints and policy constraints in a mixed integer model. Ghodsypour and O‘Brien (1998) proposed an integration of AHP and linear programming to consider both tangible and intangible factors in choosing the best suppliers and placing the optimum order quantities among them such that the total value of purchasing becomes maximum. ?ebi and Bayraktar (2003) structure the supplier selection problem as an integrated lexicographic goal programming and AHP model including both quantitative and qualitative conflicting factors. Wang, Huang, and Dismukes (2004) use AHP and preemptive goal programming based multi-criteria decision-making methodology is then developed o take into account both qualitative and quantitative factors in supplier selection. Wang and Yang (2009) search supplier selection in a quantity discount environment using multi objective linear programming, AHP, and fuzzy compromise programming.

Since price has traditionally been a leading factor, selecting suppliers based on cost has been a common approach. A popular application of the cost approach has been calculating the total cost for each purchase. The total cost of working with each supplier is

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石家庄铁道大学毕业论文

calculated and the cheapest one is selected. Timmerman (1986) proposes cost–ratio method which collects all costs related to quality, delivery, and services and shows them as a benefit or penalty percentage on unit price. Ellram (1990) explains that a formal total cost approach explicitly recognizes cost factors in addition to price and argues that any total cost approach should include transportation costs, receiving costs, quality costs, purchasing administrative expenses and the price of the item.

Categorical methods are similar to the cost based methods because where the categorical methods determines the best supplier using rating values on relevant supplier performance characteristics, the cost method does same process using dollar figures assigned to the characteristics. Verma and Pullman (1998) examined the difference between managers‘ rating of the perceived importance of different supplier attributes and their actual choice of suppliers in an experimental setting. Humphreys, Wong, and Chan (2003) presented a framework of environmental criteria which a company can consider during their supplier selection process.

AHP is widely used in studies related with categorical methods since it is one of the extensively used multi-criteria decision making methods. It effectively keeps both qualitative and quantitative data in decision making problems and is easier to understand its process. Therefore it has been extensively applied to supplier selection problems. Muralidharan, Anantharaman, and Deshmukh (2001) proposed a methodology which makes estimation of the rating by a group on an individual basis the principle of anonymity. Handfield, Walton, Sroufe, and Melnyk (2002) illustrated the use of AHP as a decision support model to help managers understand the trade-offs between environmental dimensions. Pi and Low (2006) proposed a supplier evaluation and selection system via Taguchi loss function and AHP. Sevkli, Koh, Zaim, Demirbag, and Tatoglu (2007) used data envelopment AHP to select the best supplier for a TV company. Although Ounnar, Pujo, Mekaouche, and Giambiasi (2007) did not make a supplier selection in their research, best relationship between customer and supplier was examined using most of supplier selection criteria in the literature.

In order to deal with uncertainties of the decision problem and eliminate the disadvantages of AHP, fuzzy AHP is preferred in supplier selection studies. Altinoz (2001) examined supplier selection in general and specifically in the Textile sector. Feng, Chen, and Jiang (2005) proposed a comprehensive evaluation method based on fuzzy decision theory and characteristics of supply chain management for optimal combination and

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石家庄铁道大学毕业论文

selection among candidate suppliers and outsourced parts. Haq and Kannan (2006) aims to demonstrate how fuzzy AHP model can help in solving supplier selection decisions in practice. Lu, Wu, and Kuo (2007) adds environmental principles into supplier selection process by applying fuzzy AHP. Chan, Kumar, Tiwari, Lau, and Choy (2008) propose a fuzzy AHP approach for global supplier selection. Chamodrakas, Batis, and Martakos (2009) uses fuzzy AHP to select supplier in electronic sector.

The most common method used in the solution of fuzzy AHP applications is the extent analysis method proposed by Chang (1992). Kahraman, Cebeci, and Ulukan (2003) used fuzzy AHP to select the best supplier firm providing the most satisfaction for the criteria determined in the white good sector. Same procedure is used to select the best catering firm providing the most customer satisfaction by Kahraman, Cebeci, and Ruan (2004). Chan and Kumar (2007) discussed a fuzzy extended AHP (FEAHP …… 此处隐藏：7768字，全部文档内容请下载后查看。喜欢就下载吧 ……