VPO.SAFE.3.1.02.高空作业Working at Heights - 图文(5)

Level 2 Date: 31-12-2013 Version: 6 Chapter Document Number SAFETY Pillar Safety Fundamentals VPO.SAFE.3.1.02. Working at Heights Owner: VP Technical Approved: Validation Com. Page 11 of 39 Confidential – proprietary information AB InBev

6. Ladders 梯子

? In general, ladders must only be used to gain access or when doing simple operations.

Scaffolding or elevated working platforms must be used for heavy or lengthy work.

一般情况下，梯子仅供到达一个位置或进行简单作业时使用。脚手架或升降工作平台在进行繁重或长期作业时使用。

? The operating limits, the operating and safety instructions and the checks must be

documented in an OPL or SOP for each type of ladders in use at the plant. Next to the applicable items of paragraph A2, these OPL or SOPs must cover:

必须制定OPL或SOP描述工厂使用的每种梯子的使用限制、安全说明以及检查情况。 除第A.2节规定的适用条款外，这些OPL或SOP还必须包括：

? Ladder technical specifics: 梯子的技术要求：

o Ladders must have good secure non-slip feet or swivel feet fitted on all legs. 梯子必须有良好的防滑垫；

o Ladders must not be painted – this can hide cracks or defects in timber / welds 梯子不得刷油漆 – 刷油漆可遮盖木料/焊接件上的裂纹或缺陷；

o Timber ladders: the steel banding on stiles or below rungs must not be

removed.

o 木制梯子： 不得拆除梯框或踏步上的加固件； o Portable step ladders: 便携式人字梯：

o Step Ladders must be fitted with a “spreader” connecting the back legs to

the stiles. When the ladder is fully open, the spreader must be fully engaged. The ladder must not be used unless this situation exists.

人字梯必须用“锁扣”将支撑脚与梯身连接后使梯子固定。当梯子完全张开，锁扣必须保持锁紧。梯子必须处于此种状况使用。

o With the ladder fully open, the spread between the back legs and the stiles

must be between 500 mm and 660 mm per meter-length of stile.

梯子完全张开时，保证支撑脚和梯身之间的距离为500-660/每米梯身）

o The “top cap” and the two top treads (rungs) must not be used for standing

on.

梯子“顶端”和最上端的两级踏步不得用于站立。

? AB InBev 31-05-2008 All rights reserved

Level 2 Date: 31-12-2013 Version: 6 Chapter Document Number SAFETY Pillar Safety Fundamentals VPO.SAFE.3.1.02. Working at Heights Owner: VP Technical Approved: Validation Com. Page 12 of 39 Confidential – proprietary information AB InBev ?

o

Ladder mounting: 梯子的攀爬：

o The rungs must be free from material or substances likely to cause slips

踏步不得采用易滑的材料或物质制作。

o The ladder must extend at least 1 meter or 3 rungs above the surface to be

reached OR the user can stand at least one meter from the top of the ladder when in the working position.

梯子必须高出接触面上方1米或3级横档，或者当使用者在工作位置时可以站在离梯子顶端至少1米处。

o A ladder must not extend a vertical distance of more than 9m unless an

intermediate landing place is provided.

除非提供有中间缓冲平台，否则梯子伸长垂直距离不得超过9米。

o When using an extension ladder sufficient overlap must be maintained between

the parts.

在使用伸缩梯时衔接部分之间应保留足够的重叠部分。

o The ladder must be secured and it must be ensured that he can not slip:

梯子必须固定，确保使用者不会从梯上滑落。

o The top of the ladder must be tied to the structure to prevent it slipping OR the

base of the ladder must be tied up

梯子顶部必须固定在稳固的位置上以防滑动，或梯子底部必须固定。

o The base of the ladder must be secured, if this is not possible a second person

must foot the ladder while it is being used, until the job is completed.

? AB InBev 31-05-2008 All rights reserved

Level 2 Date: 31-12-2013 Version: 6 Chapter Document Number SAFETY Pillar Safety Fundamentals VPO.SAFE.3.1.02. Working at Heights Owner: VP Technical Approved: Validation Com. Page 13 of 39 Confidential – proprietary information AB InBev 梯子底部必须固定，如果无法固定，则由另外一人扶住梯子，直至完成工作。

左图：梯子顶部固定（在梯子上工作，而非将梯子作为通道） 中图：在临近底部处固定。 右图：固定梯子底部。

o A ladder angle of 75 degrees must be ensured (1 m out for every 4 m up)

梯子的角度必须确保为75度。（每上升4米底部增加1米）

? Ladder use: 梯子的使用：

o The ladder must be inspected before each use by the person who is intended to

use the ladder. See checklist annex 4.

任何人使用梯子前都必须对梯子进行检查。参见附录4的检查清单； o Only one person is allowed on a ladder at any time.

任何时候都只允许一人在梯子上；

o When climbing keep both hands on the stiles or rungs.

攀爬梯子时双手须抓住梯框或横档； o Do not work form the top 3 runs.

不得站在最上面3级横档上工作；

o Always maintain 3 points of contact. Otherwise, fall arrest must be used.

自始至终保持3点接触。否则必须使用防坠落装置；

? AB InBev 31-05-2008 All rights reserved

Level 2 Date: 31-12-2013 Version: 6 Chapter Document Number SAFETY Pillar Safety Fundamentals VPO.SAFE.3.1.02. Working at Heights Owner: VP Technical Approved: Validation Com. Page 14 of 39 Confidential – proprietary information AB InBev ?

.

图：正确的-使用者保持了3点接触。

o Care must be taken when carrying tools up a ladder: if they cannot be carried

safely they must be raised by a hand line.

携带工具上梯子时须格外小心；如果不能安全携带工具，则必须使用绳索将工具吊上去。 o The ladder must not be used to retrieve heavy objects (plastic rolls, electric

motors) from racking.

梯子不得用于从货架取重物（如塑料轧辊、电机）；

o Never reach sideways further than an extended arm can reach.

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