大学英语自学教程下册译文及课后练习答案(8)

7.construct建设，建造 constructive建设性的，积极的 construction建设，修筑，建筑物

8.fruit水果，果实，成果 fruitful硕果累累的，多产的 fruitless不结果的，无收效的

【语法练习答案】

Ⅰ.

1．Young as she was，she was quite experienced in this work.

2．Hard as they tried，they couldn't find a solution to this problem.

3．Little did they realize that they had made an important discovery in science.

4．No sooner had we put down the receiver than the telephone rang again.

5．Hardly did I expect that his condition would turn for the worse.

6．Not only should we work hard ourselves，we should also get other people interested in the work.

7．Not until you talked with him did he realize the seriousness of his mistake.

8．Never did he expect that the project would be completed so soon.

9．Rarely did we see anyone so devoted as she to medical science.

10．Scarcely had she said the words when she began to regret it.

11．Ahead of us lie many difficulties.

12．Far in the distance lay ranges of mountains covered with forests.

13．Next to him stood Edgar Snow.

14．Standing in the doorway was a young man in blue uniform. 15.Out rushed the man and his wife.

Ⅱ. A:1.The second point I'll explain later.

2.This one I shall send by ordinary mail.

3.All these we shall take into full account.

4.What you've just said，I'll always keep in mind.

5.This we shall understand.

B:1.The time has now come to put an end to this practice.

(修饰the time)

2.The question will arise of how to prevent air pollution.

(修饰the question)

3.The belief is commonly held that Englishmen are more reserved than Americans.

(修饰the belief)

4.A list will be sent to you of the major items they have produced.

(修饰a list)

5.The order soon came that we have to leave the small town immediately.

(修饰order)

Ⅲ.

1．He likes sports very much.So does his child.

2．She did not like this idea.Nor did her husband.

3．Only in this way can we expect to do our work well.

4．Not until in 1990 did I know he was a teacher of English.

5．Never has any country made so great an effort to develop industry .

6．Not far away from the bridge was a tall building.

7．Not only did they work hard，but they worked very well.

8．Before us were walking a crowd of Young Pioneers.

9．Had I been informed earlier，I would have been of help.

10．I worked in a small factory in Wuxi last year.

第一部分 Text A & 第二分 Text B

第一部分 Text A

【课文译文】

利用机器人技术提高工业效率

机器人，发达国家工厂里越来越普及的一种设备，经过编程和工程设计就可以不需人工干预而完成各种工业作业。

现在的机器人大多用在汽车工业中，它们按编好的程序接任了汽车和卡车车身的焊接和喷漆这一类的工作。它们也装卸浇铸汽车和卡车框架的机器中所用的炽热、笨重的金属铸模。

在汽车工业上,机器人已经取代了人的工作。现在其他工业行业中也开始使用机器人。在这些行业中,机器人生产电机、小型电器、袖珍式计算器,甚至还造手表。运用在核电站的机器人处理放射性物质,使核电站工作人员免遭核辐射的伤害。这些机器人可以减少这一新型工业中与工作有关的伤害。

是什么使得机器人是机器人而不是别的什么自动化机器呢?机器人与自动化机器的区别在于它们在完成一项特定任务后可由计算机重新编程去执行另一项任务。例如，一个做点焊的机器人做了一个月，可以被重新编程让它下个月去喷漆。相反，自动化机器无法进行多用途使用，它们造出来就只能做一种工作。

下一代机器人将会有视觉，有触觉，还会做分析性判断。精通微电子技术和计算机技术的工程技术人员正在为机器人开发人工视觉。机器人有了“视力”，就能从一堆不同的物体中识别和检查某一类的物品。机器人的视觉系统中使用了含有许多种光敏材料的电子数码相机。当一件物体如机械零件的光照射到相机上时，光敏材料就测量光的强度然后把光线转化成一系列的数码。这些数码是一个灰度系统的一部分，光的亮度在灰度系统里是以一定范围的数值来测量的。一级灰度值从0到15，而另一级灰度值则从0到225。0代表黑，最大值是白，在中间的数值代表不同的灰度。然后计算机进行计算，并将数字转换成一幅表明该物体形象的图像。现在，还不知道将来的机器人能否具有和人一样的视觉。技术人员相信会有那么一天，只是还要经过数年的开发研究。

在其他方面努力取得进展的工程人员正在设计和实验新型金属手臂和手指，使机器人具有触觉。还有一些技术人员在编写新的程序，使机器人能够作出判断，例如剔除成品中的坏零件。要想实现这一点，机器人还需要有识别坏零件的能力。

未来的机器人将集触觉、视觉和判断能力于一身，其工作的范围更为广阔。人们可以利用它们到海底、到人不能进去的危险矿区探矿。它们可以充当加油站服务员、消防队员、看门人、保安员等等。想要了解未来工业的人应该对机器人有所了解。

【课文难点注释】

1．Robots ，becoming increasingly prevalent in factories and industrial pl ants throughout the developed world，are programmed and engineered to perform industrial tasks without human intervation.

becoming the developed world”是一个现在分词短语作定语,相当于一个非限制性定语从句。

“to perform industrial tasks”是动词不定式短语，用作目的状语。

［例句］The young man，sitting between John and Mary，is a teacher.坐在约翰和玛丽之间的年轻人是一名教师。

2．It is not yet known whether robots will one day have vision as good as human vision.

whether引导的主语从句是句子的真正主语，it作形式主语。

［例句］It is not very important whether he will come or not.他来不来不太重要。

【课文练习答案】

Ⅰ. 1.a 2.c 3.c 4.c 5.b

Ⅱ. 1.prevalent 2.welding 3.appliance 4.switch 5.artificial

6.identify 7.convert 8.discard 9.defective 10.assemble

Ⅲ. 1.f 2.d 3.b 4.j 5.c 6.i 7.e 8.g 9.h 10.a

Ⅳ. 1.not e 3.sign 4.one 5.means 6.end 7.him

Ⅴ.

1．The use of robots has been increasingly prevalent in recent years.

2．The newly developed robots have the sense of vision ，which allows them to see objects，and the ability of making decisions.

3．Robots are widely used in automotive in …… 此处隐藏：4317字，全部文档内容请下载后查看。喜欢就下载吧 ……