大学英语自学教程下册译文及课后练习答案(4)

许多人认为剥夺个人死亡之权是生硬专横的。尽管他们赞同生命重要，应该得到尊重，但他们感到生命的质量也不该忽视。奥仁医生认为，如果人们想死，他们就有选择的最基本的权力。“那些反对实施安乐死的人们告诉我的是这样的一些话：临终者没有这个权力，人们病得严重时，我们都要担心他们的死亡；但有时候死亡是个好事，在这种情况下，为什么不允许他们死呢?”但是“为什么不允许”是个可能会引起强烈反响的问题。那部反映齐思·范·万德尔死亡的片子既令人动情又令人敏感。显而易见，他的医生是他家的朋友，他的妻子也是一心想为她的丈夫好。但有人会说，用这个特殊的事例来为安乐死叫好是危险的。并非所有的病人都会受到那样的个别护理和关注。

【课文难点注释】

1．Affected with a serious disease，Van Wendel was no longer able to speak clearly

affected with 是过去分词短语作状语，相当于一个原因状语从句，它的逻辑主语是Van Wendel.即Bacause Van Wendel was affected with a serious disease，

［例句］Born a countryman，he was bewildered by London. 由于生在乡下，伦敦使他惊诧不已。

Disappointed at the news，he left his family. 那消息使他失望，所以他离开了他的家人。

2．Cicely Saunders，President of the National Hospice and a founder member of the hospice movement ，argues that euthanasia doesn't take into account that there are ways of caring for the dying.

take into account 意为考虑 ，因宾语是个从句，故把into account提到宾语之前，以保持句子平衡。类似短语还有take into consideration。

［例句］They should take into account that the surroundings need to be protected.

他们应该考虑到环境需要得到保护。 He took into consideration that the patient needed a special care.

他已考虑到那位病人需要特殊的护理。

3．Many find this prohibition of an individual's right to die paternalistic.

find是个带复合宾语的动词之一。它的基本结构是find+n.+complement，即find 加宾语，加补足语，类似的动词还有feel，think，make，consider等等。

［例句］His device made the ways to do things easier. 宾补语他的装置使做事情的方法更容易些了。

We consider it necessary to do that experiment.我们认为有必要做那项实验。

4． “What those people who oppose euthanasia are telling me is that dying people haven't the right.

这是一个复杂句，由what引起的从句作主语，从句里又有另外一个从句，由who引起修饰people，第三个从句是表语从句，由that引起。

［例句］What he is telling me(主语从句) is that he has no right to do that(表语从句).

他告诉我的事是他无权做那事。 We cannot agree with those people who oppose our program(定语从句).我们不能同意那些反对我们计划的人们。

【课文练习答案】

Ⅰ. 1.c 2.d 3.b 4.d 5.c

Ⅱ. 1.delay 2.recovery 3.lethal 4.debate 5.permit 6.criterion/criteria(复)

7.majority 8.take into account 9.undermine 10.vulnerable

Ⅲ.

1．Dr Wilfred Van Oijen's arguments for euthanasia:

a.people have the fundamental right to choose death.

b.the practice of euthanasia is quite different from planning to kill a crowd of people with a machine gun.

c.sometimes there are situations where death is a friend.

2．Dr Andrew Ferguson's arguments against euthanasia:

a.what the patient is actually asking for is something else.

b.the patients want a health professional to open up a communication for them with their loved ones or family.

3．Guide lines for carrying out euthanasia in the Netherlands:

a.the patient is experiencing extreme suffering.

b.there is no chance of a cure.

c.the patient has made repeated requests for euthanasia.

d.a second doctor must confirm that the criteria above have been met and the death must be reported to the police department. Ⅳ.

After I was sent to Egypt for the Operation Bright Star training program.I saw a weekend pass sightseeing in Cairo.A local offered to take my picture on his camel.“Free，”he said.“No charge.”

I thanked him and handed him my camera.The man then shouted a com mand，and his camel sat down，allowing me to board.After taking the whole roll of film，the man said：“That will be $5.”

“But you said you would take my picture free.”

“Yes，that was free，“he agreed.“But is costs $5 to get you down from the camel.

Ⅴ.

1．Euthanasia can actually relieve dying people from their suffering.

2．Don't you know that the Netherlands is the only country in Europe which permits the practice of euthanasia?

3．Doctors who are for this view do not mean that they do not care for patients.

4．After the first doctor has diagnosed the disease，the second doctor must confirm the diagnosis.

5．Opponents argue that the patients do not really want to die，and that they might be asking for something esle.

【词汇练习答案】

Ⅰ.1．a.considerably b.considerate c.consideration d.considerable

2．a.able b.ability c.unable d.enable e.disabled f.disabled

3．a.Traditional b.tradition c.traditionally

Ⅱ.

1.weaken 2.opt out 3.deteriorate 4.lethal 5.request 6.debate 7.is/was affected with

8.take into account 9.elderly 10.vulnerable 11.sensitive 12.ensure 13.legal

Ⅲ.

1．They requested that the prisoners(should)be set free.

2．His talents will ensure his success.

3．They are planning a nationwide debate.

4．He is very sensitive to changes of weather.

5．The quality of his work has been deteriorating in recent years.

6．The pollution of water makes residents vulnerable to diseases.

第二部分 Text B

【课文译文】

不公平的优势

作家瓦尔特·埃利斯是《牛津——剑桥帮》一书的作者，他认为英国仍在牛津——剑桥老同 学关系网的控制下：一个人懂什么不重要，重要的是他认识谁。他说，在牛津和剑桥两所大 学(简称牛津——剑桥)求学的少数经过严格选拔的优秀人才一开始就登上了青云之梯，几年 之后，他们便乘青云之梯登上了特权和权力的顶峰。他的研究表明，所有最好的职位仍继续由剑桥毕业生把持着，百分比不到90％，也有60％或65％。

然而，埃利斯指出，牛津——剑桥毕业生只占全 …… 此处隐藏：4091字，全部文档内容请下载后查看。喜欢就下载吧 ……