三年级英汉笔译（一）学生用书(7)

? 翻译成带表语的主动句。例如:

例1.The decision to attack was not taken lightly.

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进攻的决定不是轻易做出的。 请翻译：

⑩On the whole such an conclusion can be drawn with a certain degree of confidence, but only if the child can be assumed to have had the same attitude towards the test as the other with whom he is being compared, and only if he was not punished by lack of relevant information which they possessed.

译成汉语的被动语态。英语中的许多被动句可以翻译成汉语的被动句。常用―被‖, ―给‖, ―遭‖, ―挨‖, ―为……所‖, ―使‖, ―由…‖, ―受到‖等表示。例如: 例：Early fires on the earth were certainly caused by nature, not by Man. 地球上早期的火肯定是由大自然而不是人类引燃的。 请翻译：

⑴These signals are produced by colliding stars or nuclear reactions in outer space.

⑵Natural light or ―white‖ light is actually made up of many colours.

⑶The behaviour of a fluid flowing through a pipe is affected by a number of factors, including the viscosity of the fluid and the speed at which it is pumped.

⑷They may have been a source of part of the atmosphere of the terrestrial planets, and they are believed to have been the planetesimal-like building blocks for some of the outer planets and their satellites.

⑸Over the years, tools and technology themselves as a source of fundamental innovation have largely been ignored by historians and philosophers of science.

⑹Whether the Government should increase the financing of pure science at the expense of technology or vice versa (反之) often depends on the issue of which is seen as the driving force.

? 课后练习---申雨平教材 （自主学习平台）

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第二周：讲座：如何做翻译

Nobel Prize Acceptance Speech

William Faulkner

任务1：阅读下面的文章，理解全文，可以用字典。

1. I feel that this award was not made to me as a man but to my work - a life's work in the agony and sweat of the human spirit, not for glory and least of all for profit, but to create out of the materials of the human spirit something which did not exist before.

2. So this award is only mine in trust.

3. It will not be difficult to find a dedication for the money part of it commensurate with the purpose and significance of its origin. But I would like to do the same with the acclaim too, by using this moment as a pinnacle from which l might be listened to by the young men and women already dedicated to the same anguish and travail, among whom is already that one who will some day stand here where I am standing.

4. Our tragedy today is a general and universal physical fear so long sustained by now that we can even bear it. There are no longer problems of the spirit. There is only the question: When will I be blown up? Because of this, the young man or woman writing today has forgotten the problems of the human heart in conflict with itself which alone can make good writing because only that is worth writing about, worth the agony and the sweat.

5. He must learn them again. He must teach himself that the basest of all things is to be afraid; and, teaching himself that, forget it forever, leaving no room in his workshop for anything but the old verities and truths of the heart, the old universal truths lacking which any story is ephemeral and doomed - love and honor and pity and pride and compassion and sacrifice. Until he does so he labors under a curse. He writes not of love but of lust, of defeats in which; nobody loses anything of value, of victories without hope and worst of all without pity or compassion. His grieves grieve on no universal bones, leaving no scars. He writes not of the heart but of the glands. (350 words)

6. Until he relearns these things he will write as though he stood among and watched the end of man. I decline to accept the end of man. It is easy enough to say that man is immortal simply because he will endure; that when the last ding-dong of doom has clanged and faded from the last worthless rock hanging tideless in the last red and dying evening, that even then there will still be one more sound: that of his puny inexhaustible voice, still talking. I refuse to accept this. I believe that man will not merely endure: he will prevail. He is immortal, not because he alone among creatures has an inexhaustible voice, but because he has a soul, a spirit capable of compassion and sacrifice and endurance.

7. The poet's the writer's duty is to write about these things. It is his privilege to help man endure by lifting his heart, by reminding him of the courage and honor and hope and pride and compassion and pity and sacrifice, which have been the glory of his past.

8. The poet's voice need not merely be the record of man, it can be one of the props, the pillars to help him endure and prevail.

(563words)

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