三年级英汉笔译（一）学生用书(10)

第三周：课堂练习

Father's Toe

Clarence Day

课堂上限时70分钟翻译，不可以用字典，当堂交卷。

1. One winter morning when Father left the Riding Club on horseback and rode through East Fifty-eighth Street, his horse fell with him. Not only did the stupid animal fall but he landed on Father's foot.

2. Father pulled his foot out from under, got the horse up, and went on to the Park for his ride. But he found later that one of his toes had been bent and that he couldn't straighten it out.

3. This was not only an inconvenience to Father, it was a surprise. He knew other men got smashed up in accidents, but he had assumed that that was because they were brittle. He wasn't. He was constructed in such a manner, he had supposed, that he couldn't be damaged. He still believed that this was the case. Yet one of his toes had got bent.

4. That toe never did straighten out and Father talked of it often. He felt that he had had a strange experience, one that was against Nature's laws, and he expected those who listened to his story to be deeply concerned and impressed. If they weren't, he repeated it.

5. We heard it at home hundreds of times, one year after another. ―That's enough about your toe,‖ Mother would cry. ―Nobody cares about your toe, you know, Clare!‖ 6. But Father said that of course people did. He told all his friends at the club. ―You know what happened to me? Why, one morning when the pavement was icy, that bay cob that Sam Babcock sold me fell on my toe -- and he bent it! Never had such a thing happened to me all my life. Bent my toe! It's getting a corn on it now. Here. On top. My shoemaker says he can't fix it. There's nobody as stupid as a shoemaker, except that bay cob.‖

7. From this time on, although he still was contemptuous of diseases, Father began to dislike to hear any accounts of other men's accidents. They seemed to him portents of what might happen, even to him.

(351 words)

(Clarence Day, Life with Father. 1935. 选自吕叔湘，1992: 430-432)

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1. 课堂讨论：将全班分为四个小组，指定一名组长，组织大家讨论10分钟，并代表本组将讨论的结果向全班汇报，每组汇报的时间为5分钟（presentation），发言记入平时成绩。

1) 总结翻译的流程。

2) 文中哪些地方不好理解？译者如何应对，为什么？

3) 在本文的翻译中，有没有不好表达的地方？请举例说明。 4) 总结翻译本文时可以用到的技巧和方法。

2. 收作业：Henry David Thoreau

3. 课后作业：

1) 写100字左右的翻译日志（translog）记录翻译的心得、苦恼或问题，准

备在以后阶段和同学讨论。教师随时抽查、点评，成绩记入平时成绩。 2) 指定一名学生查找Henry David Thoreau相关资料：思想、著作、观点等

等，下周准备向全班汇报5分钟，成绩记入平时成绩。 3) 阅读下面的材料：

注意英汉人称代词第三人称单数形式衔接功能的差异

在人称代词第三人称单数形式衔接功能方面，英汉两种语言间的差异性值得关注。尽管现代汉语中人称代词第三人称的三分是代词形式欧化的结果（王力，1984:269），但现代汉语中人称代词―他（们）、她（们）、它（们）‖同音，这至少在口语中降低了它们之间区分的明晰程度。可能是出于这一原因，尽管汉语第三人称单复数形式要比英语多（英语只有一个复数形式they），在性（gender）或数（number）上的区分也更细，但使用频率却远远低于英语，而更多地采用省略和原词复现等形式。英语中许多必须使用代词的地方在汉语中则不是必须的，有时甚至是尽量避免使用。

在英语里，第三人称常常用来回指前面提到的事情和人物，从而避免模糊和混乱出现。而在以汉语为母语的创作中第三人称出现的频率要低得多。前面的人物和事情一经提到，后面表示指代的往往是通过省略主语，零词指代，反身代词指代，重复名词等方式来实现。

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第四周：课堂讲评与讨论

Henry David Thoreau

课后翻译。

学生汇报Henry David Thoreau相关资料：思想、著作、观点等等。（5?）

1. Henry David Thoreau was the last male descendant of a French ancestor who came to this country from the Isle of Guernsey. His character exhibited occasional traits drawn from this blood, in singular combination with a very strong Saxon genius. 2. He was born in Concord, Massachusetts, on the 12th of July, 1817. He was graduated at Harvard College in 1837, but without any literary distinction. An iconoclast in literature, he seldom thanked colleges for their service to him, holding them in small esteem, whilst yet his debt to them was important. After leaving the University, he joined his brother in teaching a private school, which he soon renounced. His father was a manufacturer of lead-pencils, and Henry applied himself for a time to this craft, believing he could make a better pencil than was then in use. After completing his experiments, he exhibited his work to chemists and artists in Boston, and having obtained their certificates to its excellence and to its equality with the best London manufacture, he returned home contented. His friends congratulated him that he had now opened his way to fortune. But he replied that he should never make another pencil. ―Why should I? I would not do again what I have done once.‖ He resumed his endless walks and miscellaneous studies, making every day some new acquaintance with Nature, though as yet never speaking of zoology or botany, since, though very studious of natural facts, he was incurious of technical and textual science. 3. He was a speaker and actor of the truth, born such, and was ever running into dramatic situations from this cause. In any circumstance it interested all bystanders to know what part Henry would take, and what he would say; and he did not disappoint expectation, but used an original judgment on each emergency. In 1845 he built himself a small frame house on the shores of Walden Pond, and lived there two years alone, a life of labor and study. This action was quite native and fit for him. No one who knew him would tax him with affectation. He was more unlike his neighbors in his thought than in his action. As soon …… 此处隐藏：5302字，全部文档内容请下载后查看。喜欢就下载吧 ……