欧美学界对西南少数民族的研究状况（打印版）(8)

在苗族葬礼上，人们唱着奏着，为通往天国之路的亡灵提供着详尽的指导。自由簧片口琴，也就是qeej,以其七个音符吹奏着一首首长诗，形成了一种逝者才能听懂的语言。本文首次给我们呈现了口琴葬礼诗的一个完整版，由来自老挝的白苗仪式专家和口琴表演者Xeem Thoj演奏了这些葬诗。颂诗在白苗族中以英译本的形式存在。有一个、篇这个译本的简介和一些注释对口琴在葬礼上的作用进行了说明，比较了不同时代不同地域人们对苗族葬礼的种种描述，并且将颂诗中用到的语言、意象、隐喻融入到了苗族人的世界观中。

关键词： Hmong；Miao；funeral texts；ethnopoetry；nstrumental speech surrogacy；qeej；lusheng；khaen

Dozens Reported Killed in Hmong Protest

苗族抗议中数十人被杀（新闻）

From CNS, staff and other sources | MAY 23, 2011

新闻概要：2011年5月初，越南数十位苗族人被政府军杀害，这些人都是基督徒和泛灵论者，他们所在的苗族社区位于越南老挝交界处。政府的压制行为造成了一场罕见的大规模暴乱，五月的第一周里，苗族人就土地权和宗教信仰自由问题举行抗议。

外交部女发言人说，奠边局势已趋向平稳，暴动的原因是苗族人听信谣言认为有超自然力量将他们带往希望之乡，结果受到破坏分子的利用，造成动乱。但苗族社区则声称动乱与此无关，政府对土地的掠夺和苗族人要求信仰自由的呼声才是主要原因。

Local Knowledge, Dynamism and the Politics of Struggle: A Case Study of the Hmong in Northern Thailand.

地方性知识、活力和政治斗争：泰国北部苗族的个案研究

Siriphon, Aranya

摘要：The Hmong are not passive actors who wait for help from development workers and other authorities. Instead, they actively engage themselves within a process of social negotiation between unequal socio-economic and political groups, a ‘dynamic knowledge system’. Three case studies from a Hmong Thantam community are used to better understand the process of social

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negotiation with multiple actors within complex power relations. More importantly, their dynamic local knowledge is used as a strategy to struggle against, and reconcile with, more powerful forces; the result of this process is the ‘complexity’ which happens as a response to power.

“It's possible to find knowledge from any place in the world when we humans learn from one another. Throughout the generations we Hmong have learned from many diverse sources. In order to fulfill our lives, we young Hmong still learn from the whole world.” -- Laoyeng Saehang, A headman of Thantam village, Northern Thailand, 1998.

关键词：Ethnic, Cultural, and Racial Relations 对象：泰国北部的一个苗族Thantam社区 方法：个案分析 视角：社会学

材料：三个来自苗族Thantam社区的个案

论点：Hmong 苗族人积极地参与社会谈判（social negotiation），谈判的另一方是较强势的社会经济政治团体。为了与强大的对手抗争及和解，苗族人采取的策略是充分利用他们“有活力的地方性知识（dynamic local knowledge）”。

Moral Agency, Identity Crisis and Mental Health: An Anthropologist’s Plight and His Hmong Ritual Healing

道德主体、身份危机和心理健康：一个人类学家的困境和他的苗族仪式治疗

Christian Postert

摘要：During anthropological fieldwork, the author had a serious accident on the outskirts of a Hmong village in the highland of Laos. However, this dramatic incident turned out to be the occasion of his ritual initiation into the local village community. An analysis of narratives of the incident reveals Hmong conceptions of the anthropologist’s physical, mental and moral affliction, its causative concomitants and his ritual healing. Hmong mental health and identity are situated in a moral space of exchange relationships to significant others, challenging basic assumptions of concepts of the person widely held in psychiatry and beyond. The healing ritual transformed the author’s being from indeterminate ‘‘other,’’ in a life-threatening state of identity crisis, to a wholesome Hmong ‘‘self,’’ in a state of health and moral agency. This exemplary rite de passage highlights the affinity of ritual healing and constitution of self in a moral space. The underlying relational concept of the person is in sharp contrast to psychiatry’s concepts of the person, which are deeply shaped by values of individualism. Psychiatric services must accommodate substantial differences in the concepts of the person when treating Hmong migrants from Laos.

关键词：Hmong Self Mental health Identity Ritual Moral agency 对象：老挝高地上苗族村落的仪式治疗

方法：通过分析作者亲身经历的田野个案，揭示苗族的仪式治疗与传统精神病治疗法的差异之处，阐析苗族对于人的心理健康和身份定位的文化理念。

视角：人类学田野调查、文化研究、精神病治疗法

材料：一个德国人类学家在老挝高地田野考察中亲身经历的仪式治疗

论点：苗人的心理健康和身份确认基于一个道德空间，其间，个人与一些“重要他

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