00837自考旅游英语选读复习资料(2)

Offering sacrifices to Heaven and Earth 封禅 Terracotta soldiers and horses 兵马俑 A carefree journey 逍遥游 Encyclopedic knowledge 渊博的知识（万事通）

Cultural accomplishment 文化素养 To be chest out and stomach in 挺胸收腹 A land of protocol 礼仪之邦 Customers foremost ,service best 宾客第一服务至上

Eye contact 眼神交流 Psychological qualities 心里素质 Repeated customers 回头客Courtesy and etiquettes 礼貌礼仪Personal hygiene 个人卫生 The Marble Archway 牌坊 Spring at

Su Causeway 苏堤春晓Three Pools Mirroring the Moon 三潭映月 Peak Flown From Afar 飞来峰 The Big Wild Goose Pagoda 大雁塔The Hall of Supreme Harmony 太和殿 The Hall of Praying for Good Harvest 祈年殿 Listening to Orioles Singing in the Willows柳浪闻莺 The Terra Cotta Warriors and Horses of Qin Shi Huang 秦始皇兵马俑 The Forest of Stone Tablets 西安碑林

Buddhist Paradise 极乐世界 To do service 做礼拜 The Theory of Five Elements 五行学说 Book of Changes 易经 Do not to do others what you do not want done to yourself 己所不欲勿施于人 The art of Buddhist figures 佛像艺术 The Temple of Three Pures 三清宫

The Temple of Town God 城隍庙 Make a pilgrimage to Mecca 朝觐麦加 Easter 复活节 Sutra Library 藏经阁 Old Homes in the southern Anhui 皖南古居

The Palace of Earthly Tranquility 坤宁宫 Glazed tiles 琉璃瓦 Circular stone terrace 圆形汉白玉台基 Timber structure 木结构

Place of excellent geomantic quality 风水宝地 The symmetrical plain layout 对称平面布局 Stone animals and human statues 石像生 The Main Buddha Hall 大雄宝殿 Art of gardening 造园艺术Monastery gardens 寺庙园林 Come back to nature 回归自然 View borrowing 借景 The Mountain-in-View Tower 见山楼 The zigzag bridge 曲桥 View hindering 障景 The Bonsai Garden 盆景园 Inscribed tablets 匾额楹联 Water-side pavilions 水榭 Vermicelli with Spicy Minced Pork 蚂蚁上树

Traditional medicine and food share a common origin 衣食同源 Savory and Crisp Duck 香酥鸡 Clear Stewed Meatballs in Yangzhou清炖扬州狮头 Stewed mixed vegetables 罗汉斋

Chicken cubes with chili peppers 辣子鸡丁 Vegetarian \素鸡 Table manners 餐桌礼仪

Eight treasure porridge 八宝粥 Melon carving arts 瓜雕艺术 Bodiless lacquer ware 脱胎漆器Elegant modelling and lustrous color造型大方.色泽光润 Hand-stitching work 挑花 An embroidery bamboo scroll 刺绣竹卷轴画 Glazing techniques 上釉技术

Neolithic relics 新石器时代遗址 Yixing Zisha (Purple Clay )ware 宜兴紫沙陶 Veined porcelain 纹片瓷 The double-sided embroidery 双面绣 Chrysanthemum stone carving 菊花石雕 The Autumnal Equinox 秋分

Height Ascending Festival 登高节 Nature walks in spring 踏青 Dragon Boat Racing 龙舟赛 Stamping on the Flower Hill Festival踩花山节 Grain in ear 芒种 Set off firecrackers 放鞭炮 Cultural connotations 文化内涵Walk on stilts 踩高跷 Enjoying the flourishing chrysanthemum 赏菊 Intercultural communication 跨文化交际 Interaction function 交互功能

Verbal greetings 言语问候 Intonation patterns 语调模式 High context culture 高文化语境 Language barriers 语言障碍 Cultural difference factors 文化差异因素

Drop one's voice to a low pitch 降低声调 Culture shock 文化休克 Behavior patterns 行为方式 Look somebody in the eye 正视 M-time and P-time 单一性时间观与多样性时间观

Eye movement 眼部动作 Touching behavior 触摸行为 Culture acquisition 文化习得 To kill time 消磨时间 Nonverbal behaviors 非言语行为 sit cross -legged翘二郎腿 To save face 顾全面子 Space orientation 空间取向 Rule of protocol 礼仪规范 Exchange pleasantries 寒暄 Ethnic heritage 民族传统 Put a burden on 增加负担 A floral arrangement 饰有花卉图案的安排表 Etiquettes and taboos 礼仪与禁忌 Good quality wine 优质葡萄酒 Lightly kissing on the cheeks 轻吻脸颊 a token of affection 慈爱表现 The extended family 大家庭

Lesson 1 What is tourism?

1. Four different perspectives of tourism(要考虑的四个不同方面)：The tourist / The business providing

tourist goods and services / The government of the host community or area / The host community

2. The importance of giving a definition of tourism(旅游定义的重要性)：Each of the many definitions that

have arisen is aimed at fitting a special situation and solving an immediate problem,and the lack of uniform definitions has hampered study of tourism as discipline.

3. One has only to consider the multidimensional aspects of tourism and its interactions with other activities to

understand why it is difficult to come up with a meaningful definition that will be universally accepted. 4. WTO definitions(WTO 下的定义)

1) The definitions of tourism(旅游)：Tourism comprises the activities of persons traveling to and staying

in places outside their usual environment for not more than one consecutive year for leisure,business and other purposes.

2) The definitions of international tourism(国际旅游)

a) Inbound tourism(入境旅游):visits to a country by nonresidents

b) Outbound tourism（出境旅游）:visits by residents of a country to another country

3) The definitions of internal tourism（境内旅游）:visits by residents of a country to their own country 4) The definitions of domestic tourism（国内旅游）: internal tourism plus inbound tourism(the tourism

market of accommodation facilities and attractions within a country)

5) The definitions of national tourism（国家级旅游）: internal tourism plus outbound tourism(the

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