英文版Analysis of English and Chinese Word Formation

Analysis of English and Chinese Word Formation

A Thesis Presented to the

Faculty of Foreign Language Department

Xingtai University

By

April，2014

1

Acknowledgements

My deepest gratitude goes first and foremost to Professor Zhang Yuanyuan, my supervisor, for her constant encouragement and guidance. She led me into the world of linguistics. Without her consistent and illuminating instruction, this thesis could not have reached its present form.

Second, I would like to express my heartfelt gratitude to the professors and teachers at the Department of English: Professor Yang Guixia, Professor Zhang Shaojuan, who have instructed and helped me a lot in the past four years.

Last my thanks would go to my beloved family for their loving considerations and great confidence in me all through these years. I also owe my sincere gratitude to my friends and my fellow classmates who gave me their help and time in listening to me and helping me work out my problems during the difficult course of the thesis.

Contents

Abstract (in Chinese) ................................................................................. 4

Abstract (in English) ................................................................................. 5

Introduction................................................................................................ 6

I. The current situation of the study of the English and Chinese vocabulary .......... 7

II. The comparison between English and Chinese words .......................................... 8

A. The different language systems of English and Chinese. ................................. 8

B. The way of thinking in words .............................................................................. 8

III. The comparison of English and Chinese word formation ................................... 9

A. Similar word formation ..................................................................................... 9

1. Conversion. .................................................................................................... 9

2. Sounding-changing ..................................................................................... 9

3. Affixation .................................................................................................... 9

4. Compounding ........................................................................................... 10

5. Abbreviation ............................................................................................. 10

B. Unique word-formation of English and Chinese ............................................ 10

1. The unique word-formation in English: blending and inversion. ............. 10

2. The unique word formation in Chinese: reduplication ............................. 10

Conclusion .................................................................................................................... 12

Bibliography ................................................................................................................. 13

3

摘 要

英语和汉语作为世界上两种重要的语言，在词的构成方面有许多共同点，同时也有各自比较独特的构成方式。通过大量的语言实例分析英汉词语来源，比较和归纳出英汉构词法的异同，对扩充词汇量、理解词意、进行英汉语言研究、创造新译词以及进行英汉翻译都有一定帮助。

关键词：词；英汉构词法；比较

Abstract

Both English and Chinese are very important languages in the world. They share many similarities with each other in word formation, meanwhile they each have their own unique forms. Then we can compare and sum up the similarities and differences between English and Chinese word formation through a lot of analyses of English and Chinese words examples to help us enlarge our vocabulary, understand the meaning of words, do research on Chinese and English languages, create new translated words and do translation between English and Chinese .

Key words: word; English and Chinese word formation; comparison

Introduction

Word is the smallest unit of language. It is analyzed from the phrases or sentences representing certain significance with a fixed speech form. And it is the smallest structure unit for independent operation. Vocabulary is the expression of language.

I. The current situation of the study of the English and Chinese vocabulary

A lot of traditional study between Chinese words and English words has been done ever before, but articles on Chinese characters and English word formation are few. And there is less research on methods of word formation between English and Chinese and also less qualitative analyses of them. This article uses some relevant theories of linguistics, by analysing Chinese and English vocabulary structure characteristics, similarities and differences in morphology, to learn English effectively and accurately. And for further research on Chinese and English, it also plays a valuable role in English learning.

II. The comparison between English and Chinese words

A. The different language systems of English and Chinese. According to their morphological characteristics, vocabulary system can be divided into: isolating language, agglutinative and inflectional language. Isolated language is also called the analytic language or the root language. This kind of language expresses grammatical meanings through independent function and fixed word order .And isolating language lacks most declension. Chinese is an isolated language. While English is not .And English is a typical inflectional language, which is expressed using a morphological change as a major means of grammatical relations .And to a certain extent, most of the Indo European languages are inflectional languages.< …… 此处隐藏：6220字，全部文档内容请下载后查看。喜欢就下载吧 ……