新编基础医学英语答案部分(2)

4. 身体某个部位承受过度压力会引发 重复性过度劳累损伤，引起炎症（疼痛和肿胀）、 肌肉拉伤或组织破坏。

5. 肌营养不良是一组累及肌肉的遗传性疾病，会逐渐使肌肉无力、萎缩。

II

1. Ossification is when the cartilage is replaced by hard deposits of calcium phosphate and stretchy collagen, the two main components of bone.

2. Cardiac muscle is found in the heart. The walls of the heart's chambers are composed almost entirely of muscle fibers.

3. Arthritis is the inflammation of a joint, and people who have it experience swelling, warmth, pain, and often have trouble moving.

4. Exercising regularly and getting plenty of calcium when you're a kid and teen can prevent or delay you from getting osteoporosis later in life.

Text B

Comprehension Check新编基础医学英语答案部分

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I

1-5 FTFTF

II

1. They break down complex proteins into smaller fragments of amino acid chains.

2. Osteoarthritis is caused by an abnormal release of enzymes from cartilage cells, which lead to cartilage breakdown and progressive joint destruction, and thus osteoarthritis.

3. The activated immune cells of the cartilage enter the synovial membrane, produce

proinflammatory cytokines which trigger a local inflammatory response, and ultimately result in pain, swelling and loss of joint movement.

4. Because another group of molecules, adhesion molecules, makes the surface of the activated immune system sticky, enabling them to continue moving into the synovia in large number. Writing

System enzymes can effectively reduce the production of cytokines responsible for triggering a local inflammatory response by the activated immune cells, and inhibit their invasion of

synovia. Meanwhile, it has been found out that system enzymes can also decrease the number of "docking ports" which anchor the receptor proteins. More important, they can break down the cell adhesion molecules, blocking the highway of the activated immune cells into the synovia. By their interference with the basic process of the activated immune cells's autoimmuity, the number of immune complexes is reduced, and they help reduce the pain and regional swelling are reduced andgradually improve the condition of the joints.

Text C

I

1. Mainstream medicine is adopting hypnosis in the medical treatment and doctors of

psychology learn some hypnosis as part of their formal training.

2. The hypnosis expert will capture the person's attention, narrow it and guide it.

3. No. It is because not everyone can be hypnotized and it's also not clear how many sessions it takes to be effective.

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4. It is because the human psyche is a complicated and sometimes muddled thing. Some conflicted unconscious thoughts work against one's best conscious efforts.

5. It's a combination of physical relaxation and mental acuity.Answer Key

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1. No single test can confirm a diagnosis of PD, because the symptoms vary from person to person.

2. The brain is also protected by the blood-brain barrier that prevents some toxic subst

ances in the blood from reaching the brain.

3. Nerve impulses travel much faster in nerves with a myelin sheath than in those without one.

4. A loss of blood flow to the brain for more than about 10 seconds can cause loss of

consciousness.

5. There are two major nerve plexuses: the brachial plexus, which sorts and recombines nerve fibers traveling to the arms and hands, and the lumbosacral plexus, which sorts and

recombines nerve fibers going to the legs and feet.

III

1. Sufficient intake of various vitamins is indispensable to health.

2. Extensive evaluation of the eosinophils reveal them to be normal morphologically and functionally.

3. Examination of the lung shows fine or medium moist rales over the involved area.

4. Distribution of nerves through the body ensures the functional activities of various tissues and organs.

5. The treatment of common cold remains essentially unchanged.

Writing

Our nervous system is composed of the central, the peripheral and the autonomic nervous

systems. They are responsible for all the bodily process and reactions and adjustment of the body to its environment. Neurons and neuroglia are the basic cell structure of the entire central

nervous system. The cell body, the dendrites and the axon responsible for conducting impulses and the release of chemical regulators comprise the neurons. Dendrites conduct the impulses to the cell body, and the axons send the impulses away from the body. The neuroglia is the support structure of the central nervous system.

As far as the central nervous system is concerned, it is made up of the brain and the spinal. The central nervous system allows our body to function and remain safe and maintain the homeostasis of the body.

The peripheral nervous system is composed of spinal nerve, cranial nerves, and certain parts of the autonomic nervous system. It is a channel for the relay of sensory and motor impulses

between the central nervous system and the body surface, skeletal muscles, and internal organs. The autonomic system is a part of the peripheral nervous system with two major divisions, the sympathetic nervous and the parasympathetic nervous system. It is responsible for regulating the basic visceral processes necessary for the maintenance of normal bodily functions.

Text B新编基础医学英语答案部分

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Part C

Text A

Comprehension Check

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1. The basic unit of the nervous system is the nerve cell (neuron). Nerve cells consist of a large cell body and two types of nerve fibers—one elongated axon for sending impulses and usually many dendrites for receiving impulses.

2. The brain and spinal cord also contain support cells called glial cells. There are s …… 此处隐藏：5482字，全部文档内容请下载后查看。喜欢就下载吧 ……