2011年中考英语语法复习(9)

［误］— Who's this speaking.— That's Mary. ［正］— Who's that speaking.— This is Mary. ［析］在电话用语中，this指讲话人自己，而that指对方。 ［误］The days in summer are longer than this in winter. ［正］The days in summer are longer than those in winter.

［析］在比较句中往往为了避免重复，可以用that或those取代前面提到的事物，如是单数时用that,复数时用those，如：The weather in Beijing is hotter than that in Chang Chun.

［误］It is so a good book that everyone likes to read. ［正］It is such a good book that everyone likes to read. ［正］It is so good a book that everyone likes to read.

［析］在可数名词单数时可用so+形容词+不定冠词+名词+that从句，也可用such+不定冠词+形容词+that从句。在不可数名词或可数名词复数时，只用such, 如：It is such good weather that I want to go swimming. They are such good books that I want to buy them all.在many, much, few, little这4个词前仅能用so,如： She has so much money that she can buy everything she wants.而在so与that之间仅存形容词时，则不能用such,如:She is so sweet that everyone likes her.

［误］I want to buy a same dictionary as yours. ［正］I want to buy the same dictionary as yours.

［析］same与定冠词the是固定搭配不可更改。这样的用法还有all the same(仍然)。

［误］— I hope she might pass the exam.— I don't hope so. ［正］— I hope she might pass the exam.— I hope not.

［析］在作肯定回答时，I think so. I hope so. I believe so.但作否定回答时为：I don't think so. I hope/believe not.

［误］— He studied very hard this term.— So she did. ［正］— He studied very hard this term.— So did she. ［误］— English is difficult to learn.— So is it. ［正］— English is difficult to learn.— So it is.

［析］在对话中如果某一动作同时适用于两个主语，这时在答语中要用缩写且要用倒装句。如第一组句，即studied hard既适用于he,也适用于she.但答语仅仅是对前句的重复，即仅仅是第一句的缩写时则不要用倒装句。如第二组句子为：英语难学。答语为：是的，难学。这时缩写的答语不要用倒装句。 ［误］Everyone should do one's best. ［正］Everyone should do his best.

［析］one作代词时，它的复数形式是ones,所有格形式是one's，反身代词为oneself.如果讲One should do one's best.则是对句。如果one与别的词组成其他词，如： someone, anyone, everyone或only one 则要用his/her，来作其所有格形式。

［误］— Who won the game?— None. ［正］— Who won the game?— No one.

［析］由who提问的句子的否定回答中的简略说法是no one,而由How many提问的句子的否定回答中的简略语是None.如：How many books are there? None. ［误］There are many trees on either sides of the street. ［正］There are many trees on either side of the street. ［正］There are many trees on both sides of the street.

［析］either作代词时由两个含意，其一是两者中随便哪一个，如：You can take either.其二是两者中的每一个。但要注意的是either后要加单数名词，如果作主语则谓语动词也要用单数形式。 ［误］Either you or I are right. ［正］Either you or I am right.

［析］在either?or,或neither?nor连接两个主语时，其谓语动词要与和其相近的那个主语相配。

［误］I have three sisters. Neither of them is a doctor. ［正］I have three sisters. None of them is a doctor.

［析］neither用于两者中无一是，而none则用于多于两者中的人或事物无一是。

［误］He doesn't like Beijing opera. I don't like too. ［正］He doesn't like Beijing opera, I don't like either.

［析］either作为“也”讲时，要用于否定句中，而too则用于肯定句中。 ［误］We like both this little boy. ［正］We both like this little boy.

［析］both作同位语时，它在句中的位置有：在be动词之后，如：We are both students.在实意动词之前，如：The parents both want to go to the cinema.用于第一助动词之后，如：We have both read these English novels.使用时要注意以下句子的实际含意：Both of us are not right.应译为：我们俩不都对。Neither of us is right.才应译为：我俩都不对。又如：I can't give you both of the books.意为：两本书我不能全给你，而I can't give you either of the books.才为：两本书我全不能给你。 ［误］We each has a ticket for the concert. ［正］We each have a ticket for the concert.

［析］each作句子主语时其谓语动词要用单数形式，如：Each of us wants to learn English well，但each作同位语时，则应以原名词的数为准。 ［误］Every of us has to pass the exam. ［正］Each of us has to pass the exam.

［析］every只可作形容词，不可作代词，而each既可作形容词，又可作代词，在作形容词时each侧重强调个体，而every 则侧重于全体。 ［误］Everyone of us should do housework two hours a day. ［正］Every one of us should do housework two hours a day. ［析］everyone不可与of结构相连接使用，而every one则可以这样用。 ［误］I should read English everyday.

［正］I should read English every day.

［析］要注意的是every day是“每天”，而everyday则是形容词为“日常的”。如：everyday English日常英语，everyday life日常生活。 ［误］There are trees on every sides of the street. ［正］There are trees on each side of the

street.

［析］every用于三者或三者以上的每一个，而each用于二者或二者以上的每一个。因为街道只有两侧，所以只能用each而不能用every. ［误］All my parents are engineers. ［正］Both my parents are engineers.

［析］all用于三者或三者以上的全部，而both 则用于两者的全部。 ［误］All of students might make some mistakes. ［正］All of the students might make some mistakes. ［正］All students might make some mistakes.

［析］非特指的名词前可用all但不可用all of结构，也就是讲all of结构后面的名词前一定要有定冠词。其他与all有关的习惯用法还有： all the year round, all week, all day, all winter ［误］The all village was flooded. ［正］All the village was flooded. ［析］all作修饰语时要用在所有修饰词之前。

［误］The post office is on other side of the street. ［正］The post office is on the other side of the street.

［析］单数可数名词如在泛指某一个时用another,而特指时则要用the other,因街道只有两边，而不在这边必定是在另一边，所以要用特指。请参考下表的用法以便于记忆。 单数 …… 此处隐藏：3283字，全部文档内容请下载后查看。喜欢就下载吧 ……