租船课堂笔记整理完美版 - 图文(4)

MV Titanic------------------------指定Titanic船

MV Titanic or Sub---------------Titanic船或替代船，替代船指标不得低于Titanic

替代船一旦确定立即通知租方且不得再更改

MV TBN---------------------------船名To Be Named/Nominated:(1)姐妹船

(2)二船东待租船 (3)COA

·海商法A96

第九十六条 出租人应当提供约定的船舶；经承租人同意，可以更换船舶。但是，提供的船舶或者更换的船舶不符合合同约定的，承租人有权拒绝或者解除合同。因出租人过失未提供约定的船舶致使承租人遭受损失的，出租人应当负赔偿责任。 ·航次租约不得随意更换船，必须经过租船人同意。 ·船东可单独转船条件

(1)共同海损发生，转船费作为共同海损共同承担 (2)船发生海难，航次终止

a)到付运费：船东可自行转船将货运送到装货港仍可以收取运费 b)预付运费：船东可保留运费

二、Flag船旗——Intermediate Clause

订约时是方便旗，但船到港变换为中国旗，目的港是高雄，无法入港——根本违约，解除合同。

订约时是中国旗，但船到港是方便旗——保险人因变为方便旗视为船舶质量有缺陷要求增加保费，则增加的保费应由船东支付租方不得解除合同。

三、Class船级——条件条款——填入BOX5

四、DWT/Capacity吨位和仓容 ——中间性条款 (1)Bale Capacity 件装 (2)Grain Capacity 散装

注意：这里不是一个准确数字，可以有\来规范一个范围。 DWT载重吨包括货物重量、淡水、燃油等重量；BOX 7 CARGO是货物重量。

e.g. DWT 11500MT，(租金报价以DWT为基础，不以Cargo为基础）

Cargo 10000MT of steel bar, 5% MOL owner's OPTN——船东选择10500MT，租家一定要配满，否则租家赔偿亏仓费

- 16 -

五、Type 船型——条件条款——填入BOX5

【案】租船合约订立时要求是Bulker，但来的是OBO船（Ore Bulker Oil）。纽约仲裁认为船型不同，不得接受。

六、LOA/BEAM 长宽

CQD下，承租人原因造成的损失，船东可以向承租人索赔Detention Laytime下，约定Demurrage

【案】合约订立时规定了长宽。但指定船进港时因为没有合适的泊位，造成滞期。此为租方承担，因为租方没有告知泊位情况且同意了船舶的长宽。船东还可以要求租方承担置留损失(Detention)。

七、Hatch Measurement/Size 舱口大小

【案】CA有三票货要拉。其中一票是中方的钢材。船到时发现钢材与舱口大小不匹配，无法装船。中方要求解约。

八、Derrick/Crane吊杆 -Geared Vessel船有船吊 -Gearless Vessel船无船吊

在租约上的表述：Crane 5 * 10MT——有5个克朗吊，每个吊10吨。

【误述责任】看受害方的合同目的是否还能达到。不能达到，受害方可以要求解约。 船吊无法满足要求时，可能要雇用浮吊或岸吊，费用由双方约定，多为船东出。

Eg. 水泥运输 3个可吊5吨的Crane ，实际上船吊无法满足吊水泥，要用岸吊，等了9天——因为是船东误述，所以不能把这9天算进滞期。

九、Age船龄(Year of building)

涉及保险的问题——船东必须如实告知： 保费费率：小于15年——保险标的1%

15到20年——保险标的1%——2%

大于20年——保险标的1%（基础费率）+5%（大于20年费率）

第二节 适航条款

一、绝对适航Absolute Warranty Of Seaworthness 英国Common Law采用绝对适航原则； 在C(ore)7也采用绝对适航原则

绝对适航的阶段原则：doctrine of stage——每一个航段都要保证航段所需要的适航要求 潜在缺陷的不适航，也是不适航——只要船东知道此缺陷而不在开航前修理好，就是不适航。

- 17 -

二、海牙-维斯比规则下的适航原则 Exercise Due Diligence 海牙规则 Article 3 1. The carrier shall be bound before and at the beginning of the voyage to exercise due diligence to: (a) Make the ship seaworthy. (b) Properly man, equip and supply the ship. (c) Make the holds, refrigerating and cool chambers, and all other parts of the ship in which goods are carried, fit and safe for their reception, carriage and preservation.

维斯比规则 Article IVbis Application of Defences and Limits of Liability 1. The defences and limits of liability provided for in these Rules shall apply in any action against the carrier in respect of loss or damage to goods covered by a contract of carriage whether the action be founded in contract or in tort. 2. If such an action is brought against a servant or agent of the carrier (such servant or agent not being an independent contractor), such servant or agent shall be entitled to avail himself of the defences and limits of liability which the carrier is entitled to invoke under these Rules. 3. The aggregate of the amounts recoverable from the carrier, and such servants and agents, shall in no case exceed the limit provided for in these Rules. 4. Nevertheless, a servant or agent of the carrier shall not be entitled to avail himself of - 18 -

the provisions of this Article, if it is proved that the damage resulted from an act or omission of the servant or agent done with intent to cause damage or recklessly and with knowledge that damage would probably result. 船员的责任可以以承运人身份享受责任限制。 潜在缺陷下船东可以不负责。

三、金康下的适航原则

2. Owners' Responsibility Clause The Owners are to be responsible for loss of or damage to the goods or for delay in delivery of the goods only in case the loss, damage or delay has been caused by personal want of due diligence on the part of the Owners or their Manager to make the Vessel in all respects seaworthy and to secure that she is properly manned, equipped and supplied, or by the personal act or default of the Owners or their Manager. And the Owners are not responsible for loss, damage or delay arising from any other cause whatsoever, even from the neglect or default of the Master or crew or some other person employed by the Owners on board or ashore for whose acts they would, but for this Clause, be responsible, or from unseaworthiness of the Vessel on loading or commencement of the voyage or at any time whatsoever. 主体：Owner & Manager船东及其船舶经理人——

对比维斯比规则，船员造成的不适航船东不负责。

第三节 英国法下船东默示义务 合理速遣Reasonable/utmost dispatch

【案】中国木材化工公司vs 东风船务有限公司

发生纠纷，船公司自己抛锚，未尽合理速遣义务，船东自身承担货主损失。 CMC-A48：合理谨慎的运送Reaso …… 此处隐藏：2393字，全部文档内容请下载后查看。喜欢就下载吧 ……