高考英语单项选择解题技巧指导[课件]

高考题型专题复习单 项 填 空 题命题特征 命题要点 命题手段 解题技巧 专题练习

单 项 填 空 的 命 题 特 征

知识覆盖面广 语境地位突出 交际性原则明确 试题题干新颖 迷惑性较大 灵活性较高

非 谓 语 动 词

动 词 时 态

句 子 结 构

动 词 语 态

情 态 动 词

短 语 动 词

惯 用 短 语

介 词 搭 配

形 容 词 、 副 词

连 词 、 代 词

命题常用手段

1 设置干扰 2 思维定势

3 汉英差异 4 形近义近词5 创设语境

一.设置干扰

命题者有意把句子结构复杂化, 题干以倒装句，被动句，疑问句，省 略句，或在句中加入插入语、使用强 调句、从句、标点符号等形式，避开 考生所熟悉的陈述句结构，来增加试 题难度。

1. To all of you _____ the honor for the C success.(倒装句) A.belongs to B.belong to C.belongs D.belong 分析：倒装句，还原后为： The honor for the success ___ all of you. 2. Time should be made good use of ___our C lessons well.(被动句)

A. learning B. learned C. to learn D. learns

分析：将题干改写为主动句，则为 We should make good use of time ____our lesson well

3.——What made her mother so angry? ——____the exam.(省略) B A. Because she did not pass B. Her not passing C. She did not pass D. Because her not passing

分析；将题干改写为：____the exam made her

mother so angry.

B 4.Is this museum ____ you visited?(疑问句) A.that B.what C.which D./分析；将题干改写为：This museum is___you

visited.

解题技巧(一)还原法将不熟悉的省略句、疑问句、倒 装句、被动句、等还原为熟悉的陈述 句；也可将残缺的部分补出或将多余 的部分删除。

5.Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play, ____,of course, B made the others unhappy.(插入语)A. who B. which C. this D. what

分析：Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play, ____(of course,) made the others unhappy. A. who B. which C. this D. what

D 6.The person we spoke to ___no answer at first.(定从) A. make B. making C. makes D. made分析：The person (we spoke to) _______ no answer at first.

7. The officer gave orders that anyone B __a gun should be reported to the police station. A saw take B. seen taking C. seeing take D. seen taken

解题技巧(二)省略法对于含有插入语或从句的复杂句子，如果 不考查此部分，首先应分析语境及句子结构， 找出并在省略插入语或去掉与选项不相关从句 或短语的情况下，重新分析句子结构，复杂的 句子结构就简单了；如果考察此部分，也缩小 了语境。

8.The young mother saw her baby fall to the ground; _____ brought her heart to her D mouth.(标点符号) A. this B. which C. and that D. that

解题技巧(三)结构法对于复杂长句子，先划分主、 从句，

理清主句结构，确定试题 考察哪部分，特别要注意标点符 号的作用。

二.思维定势利用思维定势的影响来设题， 这是最容易让我们上当的题。因为 我们背记了许多语法规则，词汇， 词的固定搭配和句子结构等，做题 时只注意这些熟悉的语法规则，结 构和局部固定搭配，往往在没有完 全弄清整个题干意思时就作出了选 择，结果当然出错。

9.I’m sorry I can’t help __ the floor of the classroom. C A. sweeping B. swept C. to sweep D. to sweepingA 10. Madame Curie,for _____ life had once been very hard, was successful later. A.whom B.which C.whose D.that