考博英语重点语法总结

考博英语重点语法总结

限定词的用法

1. Both, each, either, neither (只指两个)

2. All, every, each, some, any, no (指两个以上)

3. Some, any, more, (the) most, all, a lot, lots, enough, none (复数可数或不可数)

4. Much, (a) little, a good/great deal, less, (the) least (不可数)

eg. “Got any money?” “None at all.”

eg. “Does either side of this street get more sun that the other?” “No, neither side is sunnier than the other.”

从句为考察重点

(1999) …The answers given by 200 women to those intimate open-ended questions made me realize that51was wrong could not be related to education in the way it was then believed to be. …

51. A. which

B. what

C. it

D. that

(1998) They learned to51their farming habits to the climate and soil.52they selected the fourth Thursday of November for their Thanksgiving53, they invited their neighbors, …

52. A. While

B. When

C. So

D. If

(1993) In the United States a commentator remarked that45Japan apparently still used some “primitive tools”,46 a Japanese commentator expressed astonishment that the American pens wrote so poorly they could safely be used only once and then discarded.

46. A. though

B. when

C. while

D. and that

omitting the subject

Rather formal use

让步状语从句以although, though, while, or whilst 开头时通常与主句共享主语, 从句谓语用分词形式。

Whilst he liked cats, he never let them come into his house.

Whilst liking cats, he never let them come into his house.

Both the journalists, though greeted as heroes on their return from prison, not long afterwards quietly disappeared from their newspapers.这四个词还可用在名词、形容词或副词词组前，如：It was an unequal marriage, although a stable and long-lasting one.

Though not very attractive physically, she possessed a sense of humour.

WHILE

1.He stayed with me while Dad talked with Dr. Smith.

2.I often knit while watching TV.

3.While I have some sympathy for these fellows, I think they went too far.

AND

1. often used to link clauses I came here in 1922 and I have live here ever since.

2. When you are giving advi ce or a warning, you can use “and” to say what will happen if something is done.

Go by train and you’ll get there quicker.

Do as you’re told and you’ll be all right.

WHERE

1. She was standing exactly where you are standing now.

2.In 1963 we moved to Boston, where my grandparents lived.

3.The treatment will continue until the patient reaches the point where he can walk correctly and safely.

4.You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is where I disagree.

5.Now, where were we? Oh yes, we were talking about John.

6.Where others might have been satisfied, Dawson had higher ambitions. (difference) WHICH

(本身无意义，必须接在名词或代词后面)

1.定语从句引导词Did you see the letter which came today?

Now they were driving by the houses which Andy had described.

2.分割句子，补充说明The house, which was completed in 1856, was famous for its huge marble staircase.

He was educated at the local grammar school, after which he went on to Cambridge.

She may have missed the train, in which case she won’t arrive for another hour.

THAT多用于同位语从句和－thing的定语从句中。

WHAT

(有实际意义，可用于宾语从句和主语从句)

1. No one knows exactly what happened.

2.It is not clear to what extent these views were shared.

3.I could get you a job here if that’s what you want.

4. What that kid needs is some love and affection.

5. What matters is the British people and British jobs.

AS

1.比较

His last album sold half a million copies and we hope this one will be just as popular./ They want peace as much as we do.

2.作为，正如… We’d better leave things as they are until the police arrive.

David, as you know, has not been well lately.

3.看作，看待

The result of last week’s election will be seen as a victory.

4.当…时候= while or when

I saw Peter as I was getting off the bus.

5.原因As it was getting late, I turned around to start for home.

6.让步= though Try as she might, Sue couldn’t get the door open.

The bag has narrow straps, so it may be worn over the shoulder or carried in the hand.

I’d be in trouble if I le t on. So I kept mum.

When the meal was finished, Rachel washed up and made coffee.

I would have liked to have learnt French, but I was denied (=not given) the opportunity.

The opportunity was denied (to) me at school.

The prestige is denied (to) the classroom teacher.

The classroom teacher is denied the prestige.

过去分词与形容词的语义差：

1.Destructive:causing damage to people or things

the destructive power of modern weapons

Damaged: being in a bad state

emotionally damaged children

2.Respected:admired by many because of achievements

He’s one of the most respected managers in the game.

Respectful: feeling or showing respect

They listened in respectful silence.

3. Preferred : Her own preferred methods of exercise are hiking and long cycle rides. Preferable: A big earthquake a long way off is preferable to a smaller one nearby. Preferential: Bank officials denied giving the senator any preferential treatment.

4. Unimagined:Others see a new golden age of business and technology that will lift the market to unimagined heights.

Unimaginative:That means the traditional office layout of lined-up cubicles and work stations is seen as rigid and unimaginative.

5.Loving: She was a devoted wife and a very loving mother.

Lovable: a sweet lovable child

Lovely: We had a lovely holiday.

6. Tolerated: While Patches are generally well tolerated …… 此处隐藏：21759字，全部文档内容请下载后查看。喜欢就下载吧 ……