2015锂电池航空运输IATA官方指南英文版

Lithium Battery Guidance

Document

Transport of Lithium Metal and Lithium Ion Batteries

Revised for the 2015 Regulations

Introduction

This document is based on the provisions set out in the 2015-2016 Edition of the ICAO Technical Instruction for the Safe Transport of Dangerous Goods by Air and the 56th Edition of the IATA Dangerous Goods Regulations (DGR).

The purpose of this document is to provide guidance for complying with provisions applicable to the transport by air of lithium batteries as set out in the DGR.

Specifically the document provides information on:

Definitions; Classification (including classification flowcharts); Transport Conditions Exceptions; Special Provisions; Prohibitions; Passenger Provisions; and Frequently Asked Questions

Definitions

Lithium Battery – The term “lithium battery” refers to a family of batteries with

different chemistries, comprising many types of cathodes and electrolytes. For the purposes of the DGR they are separated into:

Lithium metal batteries. Are generally primary (non-rechargeable) batteries that

have lithium metal or lithium compounds as an anode. Lithium metal batteries are generally used to power devices such as watches, calculators, cameras, temperature data loggers.

Note:

As of 1 January 2015 lithium metal batteries packed by themselves (not contained in or packed with equipment) are forbidden for transport as cargo on passenger

aircraft).

Figure 1 - Example of Lithium Metal Batteries

Lithium-ion batteries (sometimes abbreviated Li-ion batteries) are a type of

secondary (rechargeable) battery commonly used in consumer electronics. Also included within the category of lithium-ion batteries are lithium polymer batteries.

Lithium-ion batteries are generally found in mobile telephones, laptop computers, etc.

Figure 2 - Example of a Lithium Ion Battery

The technical definition of a battery and cell, as indicated in the UN Manual of Tests

and Criteria, is as follows:

“Battery” means two or more cells which are electrically connected together and fitted with devices necessary for use, for example, case, terminals, marking and protective devices. A single cell lithium battery is considered a "cell" and must be tested according to the testing requirements for "cells" for the purposes of these Regulations and the provisions of subsection 38.3 of the UN Manual of Tests and Criteria (see also the definition for "cell").

Note:

Units that are commonly referred to as “battery packs”, “modules” or “battery

assemblies” having the primary function of providing a source of power to another piece of equipment are for the purposes of these Regulations and the provisions of Subsection 38.3 of the UN Manual of Tests and Criteria treated as batteries.

“Cell” means a single encased electrochemical unit (one positive and one negative electrode) which exhibits a voltage differential across its two terminals. Under these Regulations and the UN Manual of Tests and Criteria, to the extent the encased electrochemical unit meets the definition of “cell” herein, it is a “cell”, not a “battery”, regardless of whether the unit is termed a “battery” or a “single cell battery” outside of these Regulations and the UN Manual of Tests and Criteria

Button cell or battery means a round small cell or battery when the overall height is less than the diameter.

Classification (DGR 3.9.2.6)

Lithium batteries are classified in Class 9 – Miscellaneous dangerous goods as:

UN 3090, Lithium metal batteries; and

UN 3480, Lithium ion batteries

or, if inside a piece of equipment or packed separately with a piece of equipment as:

UN 3091, Lithium metal batteries contained in equipment; or

UN 3091, Lithium metal batteries packed with equipment; and

UN 3481, Lithium ion batteries contained in equipment; or

UN 3481, Lithium ion batteries packed with equipment.

In the absence of exceptions, these batteries must be shipped in quantities that comply with the limitations contained in the DGR (see DGR Table 4.2 and the applicable packing instruction). They must be contained in a UN specification packaging as prescribed by the applicable packing instruction in the DGR. A

completed package must display a Class 9 hazard label in addition to markings that identify the applicable proper shipping name and UN number. A shipper must document the shipment using a Shipper’s Declaration for Dangerous Goods.

Beginning 1 Jan 2013 the classification criteria for lithium batteries stipulates that cells and batteries must be manufactured under a quality management program. () includes the elements that must be included in such a program.

Transport Conditions

The following information is a summary of the conditions that apply to various sizes of batteries for air transport. More details on the exceptions are found in the next section of this document.

1. Section I / IA Packing Instructions 965 – 970

Lithium ion and lithium metal cells and batteries (PI 965 & PI 968, Section IA and PI 966, PI 967, PI 969 & PI 970, Section I) are subject to all of the applicable

requirements in the DGR. These requirements are as follows:

(a) dangerous goods training (DGR 1.5);

(b) limitations on consolidations (DGR 1.3.3 and 9.1.8);

(c) classification (DGR 3.9.2.6);

(d) limits on the net quantity of lithium batteries per package (DGR 4.2 and

applicable packing instruction);

(e) UN specification packaging (applicable packing instruction, see also DGR

Section 6);

Note: UN specification packaging does not apply to PI 967 and PI 970.

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