初中英语虚拟语气讲解

虚拟语气是通过特殊的谓语动词形式来 表达愿望、假设、怀疑、猜测、或建议 等语气。eg: Long live the people! 人民万岁！ May you succeed! 祝你成功！ May you be happy all your life! 祝你一生幸福！

1.虚拟语气主要是用在if引导的虚拟条件从句中， 表示根本不存在的情况或与现实情况相反的， 或实现的可能性很小的假设。用法 从句动词(1)与现在事实相反过去式(be用were)

构成 主句动词should/would/might/ could+动词原形

eg: If the weathrer were fine,they would go for a swim.

如果天气好，他们就去游泳了。

(事实上天气不好)

eg: If we had time now,we should read it again.

要是现在有空，我们就把它看一遍。(事实现在没有空)

用法 从句动词(2)与过去事实相反

构成 主句动词should/would/could/might +have+过去分词

had+过去分词

eg: If I had taken his advice, I should not have madesuch a mistake.

如果我听了他的忠告,就不会犯这样的错误了。(事实上当初我没有听他的忠告)

用法

构成

从句动词

主句动词

(3) 对将来情况 的主观推测

a. 过去式(be用were) should/would/b. should/动词原形 could/might+动 词原形

c. were to+动词原形

eg: If you dropped the glass, it would break. 杯子摔下来会打碎的。 (事实上不会摔下来)

eg: If she should come, I would ask her for help.要是她会来的话，我就请她帮忙。 (事实上她来的可能性很小)

用法(1). 虚拟语 气用在 wish或 as if 后 面的方 式状语 从句中。

例句I wish I were a soldier. 但愿我是个战士。 (与现在事实相反) He wished he hadn’t said it. (过去事实相反) 他但愿没有说过那句话。 He wished I would help him. 他希望我帮助他。 (将来相反)

用法(2).虚拟语气用在表 示建议、命令等的 名词性从句中或 demand,suggest, order,insist,propose 等动词引导的从句 中谓语动词的形式 是“should+动词原 形”或只用动词原 形表示虚拟语气。

例句She insisted that she (should)go alone.她坚持独自去。

eg: The Chairman proposed that we (should) not discuss the question.主席提议我们不要讨论这个问题。 He suggested that we (should)put the match off. 他建议我们延期比赛。

用法

例句

(3).虚拟语气用在It’s eg: It’s time (that) we went to bed. time that…结构中,表示 “该干某事了”,含建议 的意思，用动词过去式。 咱们该睡觉了。 (4).虚拟语气用在 would rather后面的 从句中,表示“希望”, 与将来或现在事实相 反,动词用过去式;与 过去事实相反动词用 过去完成时。

I’d rather I had seen this film.

我真希望我看过这部电影。

1.If I were you, I B stop them from swimming in the river A. will B. would C. must D. can 2.If it C , we wouldn’t stay indoors. A. isn’t raining B. doesn’t rain C. wouldn’t

rain D. rain 3.What would you do if you B in his place? A. are B. were C. would D. will be 4.If she had worked harder,she C . A.would succeed B. had succeeded C. would have succeeded 5.如果你对人更友好一些，你会有更多的朋友。 If you were more friendly to people,you would have more friends.

用所给词的正确形式填空。1.If I were (be)you, I would buy a big house with a pool. 2.If I had known (know)how to sing the song, I would have joined you that day. 3.He said that they would leave (leave) for home the next day. 4.He suggested that they use (use) a trick instead of fighting. 5.I would rather you told (tell) me the truth. 6.You are late. If you came (come) a few minutes earlier, you would meet (met) him. 7.If he had been here yesterday,he would have given (give) us more help.