初中英语国际音标

一、元音（20个）：发音时气流在通路上不受发音器官的阻碍 单元音12个 / / / / / / / / / / /e/

/i:/ / :/ /U:/ / :/ /ɑ:/ /æ/

双元音8个 /a / /e / / / / /

/e / / / / / /a /

二、辅音（26个）发音时气流在通路上受到发音器官的阻碍

轻辅音 /p/ /t/ /k/ /f/ /θ/ /s/ / / /ts/ /t / /tr/ 浊辅音 /b/ /d/ /g/ /v/ /ð/ /z/ / / /dz/ /d / /dr/

鼻音 /m/ /n/ / / 边音 / h/ /r/ （ / j/ / w/）

舌侧音 / /

音素: 音的最小单音素: 音的最小单位,英语中有48个音素. 音节: 由元音和辅音构成的发音单位.

开音节: 1)辅音+元音+辅音+不发音e,相对开音节

如:kite cake name bike make take home plane shine

2)辅音+元音 如:he hi go no do be tree three hello

闭音节: 1)辅音+元音+辅音 :sit bed bad bag hot hop let mad map head

2)元音+辅音 如: it is of in on up out ant

A chicken is in the kitchen. / A horse is in the house.

A mouse is in the cat’s mouth.

A sheep eats some beef and drinks some green tea

元音:

1) [i:] 字母组合:ee ea e ie

three tree green sheep meet beef see tea meat

leave lead teacher team mean speak clean receive

2) [i]发音字母 i y e

sit picture it is list six mix fix fit pig big build miss

3) [æ] 发音字母 a

bag hand and ant happy hat map mad bad black back glad flag shall man

4) [e] 字母组合 ea e a

head bread pleasure elephant electric remember sell shell lesson better bed desk hotel yes

many any

5) [ε:] 字母组合ir ur ear er or

girl shirt skirt thirty thirteen third bird turn burn murder nurse turtle Thursday burger learn earn earth heard term her nerd serve work

6) [ε] 字母组合 er or ou ar o a e u

teacher remember player speaker farmer powder doctor actor delicious dollar together today lesson control around ago banana Canada Japan

7) [a:] 字母组合 ar a

car farm card arm garden fast class last glass plant aunt calm

8) [:] 发音字母 u o ou oo

up supper lunch fun gun hunt cup bus come mother dose brother love above trouble rough flourish blood flood

9) [ ]字母组合 al or au our ar

small talk tall hall ball call walk short more lord horse for forty sport door author caught four bought warm 10) [ ] 发音字母 o a

hot lost lot fox box loss collar not want wash watch

11) [u:] 字母组合 oo o u

food moon room gloom broom goose tooth shoe do two true truth blue full

12) [u] 字母组合 oo ou u o

look good foot book should could put full bull pull push

13) [ei] 发音字母 a ay ea ai ey

name cake late gate plane April play say may way great break rain

14) [ai] 发音字母 i y

bike fine find die nine light night high my try fly eye

15) [au] 字母组合 ou ow

house out flour ground account count sound loud around mouse

flower down now cow how town

16) [εu] 发音字母 o ow oa

home cold go no phone host ghost know low below grow blow show flow

boat coat goal

17) [ ] 字母组合oy oi

boy toy joy oil soil voice choice

18) [iε] 字母组合 eer ear

beer deer ear near here fierce idea

19) [ ] 字母组合ear air pear bear

辅音

1) pen pear play pig pour pull push

2) book big boot bike bread break

3) [t] tree two ten ton town twenty city

4) [d] door dull desk dose do dog dictionary

5) [k] king kite key look cook book kitchen sky (发音字母k) card cat cream correct climb come account accept (发音字母c) fox box oxygen x-ray (发音字母x)

school schedule schema (字母组合ch)

6) [g] girl good goal goat grade long language

7) [m] man make moon morning move come comb

8) [n] pen ten nine fine night noon moon clean

9) [N] uncle bank English think thank junk sing king morning evening

10) [l] long land lend lord fly flag black world cold could goal soul

11) [r] read red right run room write

12) [f] five fly fine flag frog fog roof knife life wife cough laugh rough physic photo phone

13) [v] very evening even every voice vest of

14) [s] six sit student same seat kiss miss case scarf (发音字母s)

license city cease cedar ceiling celebrate (发音字母c) piece juice science lance space ace (字母组合ce)

15) [z] zoo zebra zero zap

close nose hose suppose pause those whose

16) [ ] think thank three thirty tooth mouth

17) [ ] that this those these though

18) [ ] sheep shoulder ship shoe she brush wash

nation attention station social special sure

19) [ ] pleasure

20) [h] hot hop home house horse how who

21) [w] when what where window wind wood

22) [j] yes year yell you your yolk yellow

23) [tr] child chicken china chair lunch ouch catch teach

24) [ ] age language vegetable stage bridge

joy enjoy join July June