中小学英语语法辅导大全(17)

1 need 情态动词 无时态；人称的变化 多用于疑问句和否定句 You needn‘t try to explain. Needn‘t = don‘t have to

Needn‘t have done sth 过去本不必做某事* 虚拟语气

2 need 实义动词 有时态；人称的变化 后接to do You need to tell us the truth. The car needs repairing. The car needs to be repaired.

3 dare 情态动词 过去时 dared 无人称的变化 多用在疑问句和否定句 Dare he tell them what he knows?

4 dare 实义动词 有时态；人称的变化后接to do 用于疑问句和否定句时 其后的to 有时可省略 Do you dare (to) jump off the high wall? E: will and would

1 表示征求对方(第二人称)意见或询问对方意愿 would 比will 更客气委婉 Will you have some more wine? Would you mind my smoking here?

2 will 表示习惯性动作或某种倾向 would 表示过去习惯性动作或某种倾向 Fish will die out of water.

When I was young, I would play badminton on Sundays. Would 与 used to 的区别*

Would 只能用来表示重复的动作而不能表示状态 Used to 既可表示动作也可表示状态, 强调现在不如此 He used to be a university student. 3 will 表示意愿 决心 I will never do that again. F: shall, should and ought to

1 shall 在问句中表示征求对方意见或请求 用于第一，三人称 What shall we do now?

2 shall 肯定句中 表示说话人强烈的感情 允许，命令，禁止和威胁 * 或表示按规定，规章和义务等用于第二，三人称 If you dare to do that, you shall be punished. These rules shall be obeyed. Shall not 禁止，不许 3 shall 决心，意愿 = will I shall come if I want to.

4 should 表示劝告，建议 = ought to 应该 You should wash your hands first. Should 主要表示主观看法*

Ought to 客观情况 法律、规定、义务的使用 Should have done / ought to have done sth 虚拟语气* Shouldn‘t have done / ought not to have done sth

You should have done it today.

5 should 推测 推论 可能性 = ought to *估计 They should/ ought to be there by now.

6 should说话人的感情。如惊奇、愤怒、失望等、―竟然‖ 否定句疑问句 You can‘t imagine that well-behaved gentleman should be so rude to a lady Why should he do such a thing? 推测 肯定性 可能性 由强到弱

must / shall* / ought to / should / would* / could* / may / might /can 理论上的可能/ can? Could? / can‘t couldn‘t

must 用于表示\必定\，\必会\：

All mankind must die. (表示必然会发生的事) 所有的人一定会死的。 shall用于表示\必定\： I shall be rich one day. (shall be ) 总有一天我发达的。

ought to / should用于表示\想必会\语气较must 弱)： They should / ought to be there by now. 他们想必已到那儿了。

will 和 would 用于表示\预测\或\习惯性\： I think he will be all right now. (will be 表示一定会) 我想他现在一定好了。 Could 表推测

No, but the shop could be in the east of the city.

may 和 might 用于表示\事实上的可能性\或\预测\： It may snow later this afternoon. (表示预测) 今天下午可能会下雪。 You might be right. (表示有可能) 你可能是对的。 Can理论上的可能

Anybody can make mistakes. (只表示理论上的可能性) 任何人都可能犯错误。

Can? Could? / can‘t couldn‘t 疑问否定 He can't be at home. (否定句) 他不可能在家。

Can the news be true ? (将情态动词 can 置于主语 the news 前就成疑问句) 这消息可能是真的吗? 情态动词 be doing 情态动词 have done

must / could / may / might / Can; could? have done / can‘t ; couldn‘t have done 请求和允许

Can could I; he /may might I; he / will would you / shall should ought to I; he? / Must I? 不同类型语气分析 Can I go with you ? (请求) 我能跟你一起走吗？

Could I ask you something ? (请求,用 could 比 can 更婉转) 我可以问你一件事吗？ May I make a suggestion ? 我可以提个建议吗？

Might I take a look of your work ? 我看看您的大作行吗？

Will you kindly tell me the way to the post office ? (表示客气请求) 请问到邮局怎么走？

Would you give me your address ? (用 would 比 will 表示更客气) 请你告诉我你的地址，好吗？ Shall we talk? 我们谈谈好吗？

What should we do next ? (用should 比 shall 表示更客气) 下一步我们该怎么做？

Shall he come to see you ? (用于第三人称疑问句) 要不要他来看你？

Must I finish the work right now?

Must I pay now ? (用于疑问句) (如回答不必时，需用 needn't 或 don't have to) 我现在就得付款吗？

情态动词的用法：表示―应该‖、―必须‖命令和建议 （Must, have to , Shall, ought to, Should, May*, Might*,） Must 用于表示―必须‖、―务必‖： You must keep the place clean. (务必) 你务必保持地方干净。

Shall 和 Should 用于表示―必须‖：

Each member shall wear a name card. (表示规定) 每一个会员必须配带名卡。

I should answer his letter as soon as possible. (表示应该) 我应该尽快给他回信。

The rules shall take effect on Jan. 1st. (shall 用于规章等，表示义务和规定) 新规则于一月一日起生效。

Ought to 用于表示―应该‖(强调客观上)：(大多情况可用 should 代替) You ought to go to see the doctor. (ought to 的语气比must 弱) 你应该去看看医生。

You oughtn't (ought not) to smoke so much. (oughtn't 用于否定句) 你不应该抽这么多烟。

May 和 Might 用于表示―应该\多用于法律等条文，一般上多用 shall ): Payment may be paid by check. (表示规定) 应以支票付款。

You might ask before you use my computer. (might表示应该) 你应该先问过再使用我的电脑。

情态动词的用法：表示―意图‖、―打算‖ ―意愿‖ ―决心‖ (will, would* shall, should*) 情态动词+完成式

对过去或完成的猜测must / may /might / could / can‘t / couldn‘t/can?/could? have done 虚拟语气could have done 本来可以；有可能 needn‘t have done 本没必要做某事 should / ought to have done 本应该做某事 shouldn‘t / oughtn‘t to have done本不应该做某事 情态动词练习(1)

1． May I stop my car here? No, you_＿＿＿. A. can't B. mustn't C. needn't D. don't have to 2. Must we clean the house now? No, you _______. A. needn't B. may not C. mustn't D. can't 3. John his father about his failure in the exam. A. dares not tell B. dares not telling C. dare not tell D. dares not to tell

4. You return the book now. You can keep it next week if you like. A. can't B. mustn't C. n …… 此处隐藏：5220字，全部文档内容请下载后查看。喜欢就下载吧 ……