沃尔玛连锁超市物流配送策略研究(6)

附 录 一

Wal-mart 1962 established the first chain stores. Along with the increase in the number of chain stores and increased sales, the logistics distribution gradually become enterprise development? Hence, 1970 wal-mart in established the first company headquarters is located between distribution center, concentrated disposal of company of 40%. What pin commodity As the company grows, the number of distribution center also increases ceaselessly. Now the company has established 62 distribution center, providing for the global more than 4000 let distribution services. The whole company selling goods 85% by these distribution center supply, and its rival only about 50 ~ 65% of commodity concentration distribution.

Its distribution center the basic process, the supplier will commodity to distribution center, after a check for purchasing plan and commodity inspection processes, respectively to different positions of the store shelves. Puts forward to goods plan after, computer system will be needed goods storage location, and print found there a shop code label. The packaging of goods directly from shelves, scattered goods to conveyor belt by the workbench personnel to take after the conveyor belt. Normally, shop goods asking-for day can send the goods sent out.

Wal-mart six types of distribution center: one is \fresh food outside of household goods and incoming and packaging, storage and distribution, this company at present this form of distribution center in large Numbers. The second is food center, including not easily metamorphic food, beverages and is easily metamorphic fresh food and so on, needs to have the special refrigerated storage and transport facilities, direct delivery to the shop. The third one is sam-member store distribution center, the combined with retail formats, one-third of the membership is small retailers, delivery of goods the content and methods of different with other formats, use of independent distribution center. Because of this shop began to build in 1983, quantity is small, some stores using third-party distribution center services. Considering the third-party distribution center service cost is higher, wal-mart has decided in the contract expires, established by itself Sam member store distribution center is replaced. A fourth is clothing distribution center, not direct delivery to the shop, but distributed to other distribution center. A fifth is imported goods distribution center for the whole company, main effect is to reduce the purchase price of imported goods, then according to situation sent to other distribution center. The 6th kind of is return distribution center, receiving shops for various reasons, part of the returned goods back to supplier part sent to discount stores, part of in situ treatment, their earnings mainly from the sale of the wooden case of income and suppliers to pay charges.

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Nowadays, in the United States have a 100% of wal-mart logistics system, distribution center is already a small part, wal-mart complete logistics system includes not only the distribution center, there are more and more complex material input purchasing system automatically replenishment system.

In order to meet the interior of more than 3,000 chain, wal-mart distribution needs in China of nearly 30,000 large container trailers, 5500 a big trucks, 24 hour clock to work. Annual transportation volume at 77. 5 billion box, total travel 6. 5 million km. Reasonable dispatch the scale of the commodity purchase, storage, logistics and sales management, cannot leave the hi-tech means. Therefore, wal-mart company established a special computer management system, satellite positioning systems and television highly system, a world first-class advanced technology.

Wal-mart company headquarters is just a normal one-story houses, but connected to it computer control center is an appearance with the stadium colossus, company's computer system scale in the United States after the pentagon (the United States defense department), even more than the federal space agency. Global more than 4000 shop sales, ordering, stock situation can always mix inquired. Companies with hughes company to cooperate, launched a special satellite, used to store information conveyance and global positioning and contact of transportation vehicles. The company 5500 delivery truck, all equipped with satellite positioning system of each car in what position, load what goods, destination is where, headquarters at a glance. Can arrange freight volume and distance, maximize transport potential, avoiding waste and reduce the cost, improve efficiency.

By retailing for leading the distribution center by retailing for leading the distribution center the most representative is the wal-mart commodity distribution center. The distribution center is established by wal-mart wholly, specially designed for the company providing distribution service. Chain Wal-mart is now the world's largest chain of America and group. 2000 sales nearly $200 billion, with chain 4000. Company in Arkansas, Texas, Alabama, Iowa, California, Georgia, Mississippi, Michigan, etc, all equipped with regional distribution center, average every 160 chain stores have a distribution center. For the total sales of commodities is 90% by wal-mart distribution center to conduct incoming, processing, storage and distribution. Wal-mart order mode basically has two kinds: one kind is the chain weekly or two to the corresponding distribution center orders, Another kind is joint replenishment, namely each chain on a specified date (usually weekly or two weekly sessions) through the computer system directly to the suppliers to order, suppliers will each chain of order for goods summary, regularly to the corresponding distribution center, the distribution center in unity after check incoming goods will be distributed to each chain stores. W …… 此处隐藏：8150字，全部文档内容请下载后查看。喜欢就下载吧 ……