The Alternate Life翻译

The Alternate Life翻译

The Alternate Life

非主流生活

The alternate life is the consequence of the communications revolution of the last 30 years or so. There is another, highly competitive educational system, opposed in almost every essential way to traditional schooling, that operates on the child and youth from the age of 2. It takes up as much of his time as the school does, and it works on him with far greater effectiveness.

“非主流生活”是过去约30年间发生的通信革命的产物。它是不同于当前教育体系的极具竞争力的教育体系，几乎在每一种教育方式上与传统学校教育对立，青少年从两岁起便开始受其影响。该体系与传统学校占用青少年差不多的时间，然而对青少年产生更为深远的影响。

That system is the linked structure of which television is the heart and which numbers among its constituents film, radio, comic books, pop music, sports—and the life styles (including the drug culture, permissive sex, and systematized antisocial conduct) which this structure either automatically or deliberately produces.

该体系是以电视为核心，并将电影、收音机、漫画书、流行音乐、运动纳入体系中，也包括由此体系有意无意地衍生出的各种生活方式（包括毒品文化，放纵的性行为，系统化的反社会行为）。

This alternative life is a life; it is not a persion, a hobby, an amusement. It offers its own disciplines, its own curriculum, its own ethical and cultural values, its own style and language. It works on children and youths every day, year after year, teaching them, forming them, conditioning them. And it is profoundly opposed to traditional education. There is no way of reconciling the values of literature or science with the values of the TV commercial. There is no way of reconciling the vision offered by Shakespeare or Newton with the vision of life offered by the “Gong Show”. Two systems of thought and feeling stand opposed to each other.

“非主流生活”不是一种消遣、嗜好或者娱乐，而是一种生活。它有自成体系的学科和课程、独有的伦理观和文化观、以及独特的风格和语言。日复一日，年复一年，“非主流生活”无时无刻不在教育青少年、塑造青少年和影响青少年。“非主流生活”与传统教育势不两立，正如莎士比亚或牛顿阐述问题的视角与“铜锣秀”的视角水火不容一样，文学或科学所传达的价值观与电视商业广告传播的价值观之间存在不可调和的矛盾。两种系统的思想和感觉是互相对立的。

This has never before been the case. The idea of education was never before opposed by a competitor. It was taken for granted because no alternative appeared on the horizon. But today there is a complete alternative life to which children submit themselves. This alternative life offers them heroes, slogans, images, forms of conduct, and content of a sort—and all run counter to the message given in the classroom. 以前，这种情况从未发生，传统教育的理念也从未被任何一个竞争者挑战过。这被认为是理所当然，因为在视野所及范围内没有出现可供替代的。但是，如今有一种让孩子们臣服的完整的“非主流生活”，这种生活为他们提供英雄、口号、 影像、行为模式和某种内容，这些东西都与传统课堂教育给出的信息背道而驰。

The Alternate Life翻译

For the first time in history, the child is required to be a citizen of two cultures: the tradition and the alternate life. Is it any wonder that such a pision of loyalties should result in the chaos we observe? In a deep sense, all our children (and, to a degree, our teachers, our parents, and ourselves) are schizophrenics. On the one hand is the reality-system expounded in a book, the idea, the cultural past; on the other hand is the far more vivid and comprehensible reality-system expounded by television, the rock star, the religion of instantaneous sensation, gratification and consumption. 青少年需要成为传统生活式和非主流生活式这两种文化的公民，这在历史上尚属首次。难怪如此的分裂导致我们观察到的那种混乱，这有什么好奇怪的呢？其实，我们的孩子们都是精神分裂症患者，某种程度上来说，老师、家长包括我们自己也是。一边是书本上阐述的现实体系、思想和传统文化；另一边是电视上传播的更为生动和易懂的体系、摇滚歌星、享乐主义观和消费主义观。

Good teachers, when you question them inexorably, almost always finally admit that their difficulties stem from the competition of the alternate life. And this competition they are not trained to meet. The alternate life has one special psychological effect that handicaps the teacher—any teacher, whether of writing or any other basic subject. That effect is a decline in the faculty of attention, and therefore a decline in the capacity to learn—not the innate capacity, but the capacity as it is conditioned by the media.

当你不依不挠的询问教师们有什么难处时，优秀的教师们最终几乎总是承认困难来自于“非主流生活”的竞争。而他们并未接受过应对这种竞争的训练。“非主流生活”有一种特殊的妨碍老师们的心理效应，无论是教写作还是教其他基础学科的老师都在所难免。这种效应的影响是学生注意力的下降，并最终导致学习能力的衰退。这里所说的学习能力不是天生的能力，而是受制于媒体的能力。

This conception of the alternate life is probably debatable, and it certainly will not be accepted by everyone. Its claim to the interest of others, if not their agreement, lies in the fact that it goes beyond the present educational system and tries to locate the ultimate source of our troubles in the changes now agitating our entire Western culture.

“非主流生活”的概念可能是有争议的，当然也不会被每个人接受。即使有些人可能不认可，它所宣称的也是为了他们的利益，这基于以下事实：“非主流生活”超越当前的教育体系，并试图找出正在动摇整个西方文化乱局的罪魁祸首。