基于EDA的数字频率计系统设计

FPGA与单片机相结合,构成整个测频系统,由1602显示,加入串口,可测频率达到MHZ级别。

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毕业设计说明书

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2013年 05 月 22 日

FPGA与单片机相结合,构成整个测频系统,由1602显示,加入串口,可测频率达到MHZ级别。

FPGA与单片机相结合,构成整个测频系统,由1602显示,加入串口,可测频率达到MHZ级别。

摘 要

频率计又称为频率计数器，是一种专门对被测信号频率进行测量的电子测量仪器，其最基本的工作原理为：当被测信号在特定的时间段T内的周期个数N时，则被测信号的频率f=N／T.电子计数器是一种基础测量仪器，到目前为止已有三十多年的发展历史。早期，设计师们追求的目标主要是扩展测量范围，再加上提高测量精度、稳定度等，这些也是人们衡量电子计算机的技术水平，决定电子技术器价格高低的主要依据。目前这些技术日臻完善，成熟。应用现代技术可以轻松地将电子计数器的频率扩展到微波频段。

本文介绍了频率计的一种实现方法，即由FPGA和单片机相结合，构成整个系统的测控主体，被测信号输入到FPGA中进行频率的测量，FPGA将测得的数据返回给单片机，由单片机控制液晶1602进行显示。1602每行可以显示16个字符，总共有两行，即总共可以显示32个字符，因此，若要扩展频率计的计数范围，列如扩展到几十兆赫兹，显然1602要比数码管好用，方便扩展频率范围，编程也方便。此外，本次设计也加入了串口发送部分，可以把测得的频率数据通过串口发送给上位机，方便测量人员对于数据的读取，具有现实的应用意义。

关键词：单片机 FPGA 测频 VHDL

FPGA与单片机相结合,构成整个测频系统,由1602显示,加入串口,可测频率达到MHZ级别。

Abstract

Frequency meter, also known as a frequency counter, is a specialized electronic measuring instruments ,measuring the frequency of the measured signal, its most basic working principle is: When the number of cycles of the measured signal N within a specific time period T,the measured signal frequency f = N / T. Electronic counter is a basic measuring instruments so far has been more than 30 years of development history. Early pursuit of the goal of the designers is to extend the measuring range, plus improve the measurement accuracy, stability, and these also measure the level of computer technology, the decision based primarily on the level of prices of electronic technology. These technologies are getting more sophisticated, mature. The application of modern technology can be easily extended to the frequency of the electronic counter microwave band.

This paper describes an implementation method of frequency meter, that is, using the combination of FPGA and microcontroller, constitute the entire system monitoring body, the signal input to the FPGA for frequency measurements, FPGA return the measured data back to the microcontroller, the microcontroller control of liquid crystal display 1602. 1602 can be displayed 16 characters per line, two lines that can display a total of 32 characters, so that it can be used to expand the scope of counting frequency meter, columns such as extended to tens of megahertz, apparently digital handy than 1602 to facilitate the extended frequency range, the programming is also convenient. In addition, this design also joined the serial transmission section, you can put the measured frequency data be sent to the host computer via the serial port to facilitate the measurement of personnel for data be read, it has a practical application significance.

Key words：microcontroller FPGA frequency measurement VHDL

FPGA与单片机相结合,构成整个测频系统,由1602显示,加入串口,可测频率达到MHZ级别。

目 录

引言 ............................................................................................................................................ 1 1 数字频率计的要求 ................................................................................................................ 2 1.1 主要内容 .......................................................................................................................... 2 1.2 技术指标 ........................................................................................................................... 2 2 电子计数法测频原理 ............................................................................................................ 3 3 整个测频系统的构思框图 .................................................................................................... 4 4 本次设计的硬件部分 ............................................................................................................ 5 4.1 单片机部分 ......................................................................................................................... 5 4.2 FPGA部分 .............................................................................................................. 10 5 本次设计的软件部分 .......................................................................................................... 11 5.1 单片机部分的程序流程图 ............................................................................................... 12 5.2 FPGA部分的程序 ........................................................................................................... 13 5.2.1 闸门产生模块 .............................................................................................................. 13 5.2.2 测频控制器 ................................................................................................................ 15 5.2.3 6位10进制计数器 ..................................................................................................... 16 5.2.4 锁存器

............................................................................................................ 18

5.2.5 数据输出部分 .............................................................................................................. 19 5.3 FPGA测频的顶层原理图 .............................................................................................. …… 此处隐藏：13233字，全部文档内容请下载后查看。喜欢就下载吧 ……