高中英语语法：直接引语与间接引语_讲解与练习

高中语法：直接引语 & 间接引语

Ⅰ. 引导词的选择及语序

1. 陈述句：S + V + that + 陈述语序 (S + V)

“That is the trouble”, said Bill.

改为：Bill said _________ _________ _________ the trouble.

【注】：that 可省略，但如果是两个或两个以上的宾语从句并列，则第二个that不可省略。 He told me (that) he had finished his work and that he would like to have a holiday.

2. 一般疑问句：S + V + if / whether + 陈述语序 (S + V)

He asked, “Are you leaving tonight?”

改为：He asked us _________ _________ _________ leaving that night.

3. 特殊疑问句：S + V + what / who / which / whose / when + 陈述语序 (S + V) “Why did you lock the door?” father said to Anne.

改为：Father asked Anne _________ _________ _________ _________ the door.

4.祈使句：S + V + sb. to do / not to do

(1)表示“命令”：tell, order, command

(2)表示“请求”：ask, beg, request

(3)表示“建议”：advise, suggest

“Don’t make noise in the library.” the teacher said to the students.

改为：The teacher _________ the students_________ _________ _________ noise in the library. Ⅱ. 时态的一致

1． 主句是过去时，变间接引语时，从句时态向“过去”退一步：

2． 直接引语是客观真理时，变成间接引语时时态不变：

The teacher said, “The earth goes round the sun.”

改为：The teacher _________ _________ _________ _________ noise in the library.

3. 直接引语中有明确表示过去时间状语的，变成间接引语时时态不变：

Wei Fang said, “I was born in 1994.”

改为：Wei Fang said _________ _________ _________ born in 1994.

4. 直接引语前面的主句谓语是现在时态，变间接引语时，时态不变：

He says, “I have been married for 3 years.”

改为：He said that _________ _________ _________ _________ for 3 years.

Ⅲ. 人称及状语的变化

1． 人称变化：“一主二宾三不变”

（直接引语中若出现第一人称则看主句主语，第二人称看主句宾语，第三人称无须变） 试观察：

She said to him, “I am very hungry.” 改为：She told him that she was very hungry.

She said to him, “You are very nice.” 改为：She told him that he was very nice.

She said to him, “Lily is very nice.” 改为：She told him that Lily was very nice.

2. 状语与限定词变化：

“这这那那，来来去去”

“I put the key on this table yesterday.” 改为：____________________________________________________________

Ⅳ. Exercise

一. 改写句子（把直接引语改为间接引语）

1. “I am having supper,” he said.

改为：He said that _________ _________ having supper.

2. “I’ve seen the film,” Gina said to me.

改为：Gina _________ me that _________ _________ _________ the film.

3. “I went home with my sister,” she said.

改为：She said that _________ _________ _________ home with her sister.

4. The teacher said, “The sun is bigger than the moon.”

改为：The teacher said that the sun _________ bigger than the moon.

5. “I met her yesterday,” he said to me.

改为：He told me that he _________ _________ her _________ _________ _________.

6. “You must come here before five,” he said.

改为：He said that I _________ to go _________ before five.

7. “Were you born in 1979?” he said.

改为：He _________ me _________ I _________ born in 1979.

8. He said, “You can sit here, Jim.”

改为：He _________ Jim that he _________ _________ _________.

9. He asked, “How did you find it, mother?”

改为：He asked his mother _________ _________ _________ _________ it.

10. “Where have you been these days?” he asked.

改为：He asked me _________ _________ _________ been _________ days.

11. “Do you know where she lives?” he asked.

改为：He asked _________ _________ knew where she _________.

12. “Keep quite, children.” he said.

改为：He _________ the children _________ _________ quite.

13. “Don’t look out of the window,” she said.

改为：She _________ me _________ _________ _________ out of the window.

14. “Are you interested in this?” he said.

改为：He _________ _________ I was interested in _________.

二． 句子翻译：

1. 汤姆说他2009年加入了这家驾驶俱乐部。

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2. 他告诉我他把书落在房间里了。

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3. 凯特问我当天晚上是否陪她看电影。

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4. 我的小学英语老师常说熟能生巧。

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5. 妈妈问我是怎么修好我的单车的。

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6. 老师让学生们别浪费自己的时间。

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7. 她说她在等车的时候就读完那本书了。

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8. 警察问那个人前天晚上他在公园里都干了些什么。

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9. 他说他求职时已经告诉他们他的故事了。

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10. 将军命令所有士兵马上上前线。

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