2009年职称英语理工类B级真题(3)

Like ceils anywhere else in your body, active neurons use oxygen. Blood

brings oxygen to the neurons, and the more active a neuron is, the more oxygen

考试结果--VERS维普考试资源系统页码，12/20it will consume. The more active a region of the brain, the more active its

neurons,and in turn, the more blood will travel to that region. And by using

fMRI, scientists can visualize(使……显现) which parts of the brain receive more oxygen-rich blood -- and therefore, which parts are working to process information.

An fMRI machine is a device that scans the brain and measures changes in blood flow to the brain. The technology shows researchers how brain activity changes when a person thinks, looks at something, or carries out an activity like speaking or reading. By highlighting the areas of the brain at work when a person looks at different images, fMRI may help scientists determine specific patterns of brain activity associated with different kinds of images.

The California researchers tested brain activity by having two volunteers view hundreds of pictures of everyday objects, like people, animals, and fruits. The scientists used an fMRI machine to record the volunteers' brain activity with each photograph they looked at. Different objects caused different regions of the volunteers' brains to light up on the scan, indicating activity. The scientists used this information to build a model to predict how the brain might respond to any image the eyes see.

In a second test, the scientists asked the volunteers to look at 120 new

pictures. Like before, their brains were scanned every time they looked at a new image. This time, the scientists used their model to match the fMRI scans to the image. For example, if a scan in the second test showed the same pattern of

brain activity that was strongly related to pictures of apples in the first test, their model would have predicted the volunteers were looking at apples.

36. What is responsible for processing the information sent by

your eyes?

A The magnetic system in the brain B The central part of the heart C Neurons in the brain D Oxygen-rich blood 该题您未回答:х 该问题分值: 15

答案:C

[解析] 第二段最后两句提到“脑部的不同区域处理由眼睛发送过来的信息。脑部被叫做神经元的细胞负责这一处理过程”，故选C。

37. The function of an fMRI machine is

A to show how neutrons take in oxygen-rich blood B to measure how dense the blood is in the brain

C to identify which parts of the brain are processing information D to record how much oxygen the brain consumes 该题您未回答:х 该问题分值: 15

答案:C

[解析] 这个问题的理解依赖对整篇文章内容的理解。第四段最后一句提到“通过使用功能性磁振造影，科学家们能看出大脑中哪一部分接收到更多的含氧量较高的血液，也就是哪

一区域正在处理信息”，故选C。

考试结果--VERS维普考试资源系统页码，13/20

38. The expression "highlighting the areas of the brain at work"in paragraph 5 means

A marking the parts of the brain that are processing information informationB giving light to the parts of the brain that are processing

C puking the parts of the brain to work D preventing the parts of the brain from working :х 该问题分值: 15

答案:A [解析] highlight：使……显得突出，标出。at work：正在工作的。这里指正在处理

信息的大脑区域)，故选A。

39. The researchers experimented on

A animals and objects B fMRI machines

C thousands of pictures

D two volunteers :х 该问题分值: 15

答案:D [解析] 第六段第一句提到“加利福尼亚的研究人员通过让两个自愿受试者观看数百张日常物品的照片，如：人、动物、水果，来测试他们的脑部活动”，故选D。

40. Which of the following can best replace the title of the

passage?

A Your Thoughts Can Be Scanned B Recent Development in Science and Technology C A Technological Dream D An Intelligent Robot :х 该问题分值: 15

答案:A

[解析] B的论述范围太大。fMRI技术已不再是梦想，故C项错误。D所述内容与文章完全不符。故选A。

第三篇

Youth

Emancipation in Spain The Spanish Government is so worried about the number of young adults still living with their parents that it has decided to help them leave the nest.

Around 55 percent of people aged 18434 in Spain still sleep in their parents' home,says the latest re- port from the country's state-run Institute of Youth.

To coax(劝诱) young people from their homes,the Institute started a "Youth Emancipation(解放)" programme this month. The programme offers guidance in finding rooms and jobs.

Economists blame young people's family dependence on the precarious(不稳定的)labour market and increasing housing prices. Housing prices have risen 17

考试结果--VERS维普考试资源系统页码，14/20percent a year since 2000.

Cultural reasons also contribute to the problem, say sociologists(社会学家). Family ties in south Europe --Italy, Portugal and Greece -- are stronger than those in middle and north Europe, said Spanish soiologist Almudena Moreno Minguez in her report "The Late Emancipation of Spanish Youth. Key for

Understanding".

"In general, young people in Spain firmly believe in the family as the main body around which their private life is organized," said Minguez.

In Spain -- especially in the countryside,it is not uncommon to find entire

groups of aunts,uncles, cousins, nieces and nephews(外甥/侄子)all living on the same street. They regularly get together for Sunday dinner.

Parents' tolerance is another factor. Spanish parents accept late-night partying and are wary of setting bedtime rules.

"A child can arrive home at whatever time he wants. If parents complain he'll put up a fight and call the father a fascist," said José Antonio Gómez Yanez,a sociologist at Carlos Ⅲ University in Madrid.