2009年职称英语理工类B级真题(2)

Compare this to the mouse used as model for human disease in lab tests,which shares only 60% of its DNA with us. In fact, chimpanzees are far more similar to humans than they are to any other spectes of monkey. As well as resembling US genetically, chimps are highly intelligent and able to use tools. These facts alone should be enough to make protection of chimps an urgent priority(优先). But there is another,more selfish reason to preserve the chimp. 3. The chimpanzees'trump card(王牌)comes in the field of medical research. Chimpanzees are so similar to humans that veterinarians(兽医)often refer to human medical textbooks when treating them. Yet chimpanzees do show differences in several key areas. In particular, chimps are much more resistant to a number of major diseases. It is this ability that is so interesting. 4. For example,chimps seem to show a much higher resistance than humans to HIV,the virus that causes AIDS. Indeed, their use as experimental animals in AIDS research has declined because they are so resistant. 5. By sequencing the chimp genome and pinpointing(找到)the place where the chimpanzee DNA sequence differs from that of humans, scientists hope to be able to discover which part of the genetic code gives chimps their increased resistance to some diseases. This, they hope, will allow them to develop new and more effective treatments for the human forms of these diseases. Such treatments could include the production of new drugs or even the alteration(gila)of the human genetic sequence. The recently completed human genome sequencing project has shown that such an effort is now well within our reach.

A. Genetic Differences Between Chimps and Humans B. Reasons for HIV Resistance C. Implications of Chimpanzee Extinction for Humans

D. Effective AIDS Treatment

E. Genetic Similarities Between Chimps and Humans F. Chimps' Resistance to HIV

23. Paragraph 1______

A B C D E F

:х 该问题分值: 1

答案:C

[解析] 文章第一段最后一句是主题句，意为：黑猩猩的灭亡可能对人类的生存有深刻暗

示，C项 Implicatiohs of chimpanzee extinction for humans(黑猩猩的消亡

对人类的暗示)与主题句意思相符，故选C。

24. Paragraph 2______

A B C D E F

:

х 该问题分值: 1

答案:E

[解析] 文章第二段主要讲了黑猩猩与人类的基因有很多相似之处，因此E项Genetic

similarlties betweenchimps andhumans(黑猩猩与人类的基因相似之处)是对本段中心意思的概括，故选E。

25. Paragraph 3______

A B C D E F

A B C D E F

:х 该问题分值: 1

答案:F

[解析] 文章第四段主要讲了与人类相比，黑猩猩对艾滋病毒有很强的抵抗力。F项

Chimps’resistance to HIV(黑猩猩对艾滋病毒的抵抗力)符合本段的主题，故选F。

A. healthier lifestyle B. some human disease treatments

C. some diseases D. human survival

E. human genomes F. key areas

27. Chimpanzee extinction may affect______

A B C D E F

:х 该问题分值: 4

答案:D

[解析] 文章第一段最后一句话指出，黑猩猩的灭亡可能对它们的远亲——人类的生存有深刻暗示。D项human survival (人类生存)与原句意思相符，故选D。

28. There is a difference of less than 2%between the chimp and______ A B C D E F

:х 该问题分值: 4

答案:E

[解析] 文章第二段第一句指出，生物学家发现人类和黑猩猩的基因组匹配率大于98%，也就是说它们之间基因组的差别小于2%，因此，E项human genomes(人类基因组)与原句意思相符，故选E。

29. Scientists suspect that genes play a significant role in

protecting chimps from getting______

A B C D E F

:х 该问题分值: 4

答案:C

[解析] 文章第五段第一句话指出，科学家希望找到哪部分遗传密码使得黑猩猩能够抵抗一些疾病，因此可以推断出有些基因能够使黑猩猩抵御一些疾病，C项some diseases(一些疾病)与原文意思相符，故选C。

30. The discovery of the genetic code of chimps will be helpful

to______

A B C D E F

:х 该问题分值: 4

答案:B

[解析] 文章第五段第一、二句话指出，科学家希望找到哪部分遗传密码使得黑猩猩能够抵抗一些疾病，这项发现将有助于他们研发新的、有效的治疗人来这种疾病的方法。B项

some human disease treatments(人类一些疾病的治疗)与原文的意思相符，故选B。第4部分：阅读理解

请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项。

第一篇

Water

The second most important constituent (构成成份) of the biosphere (生物圈) is liquid water. This can only exist in a very narrow range of temperatures,since water freezes at 0℃ and boils at 100℃. Life as we know it would only be

possible on the surface of a planet which had temperatures somewhere within this narrow range.

The earth's supply of water probably remains fairly constant in quantity. The total quantity of water is not known very accurately,but it is about enough to cover the surface of the globe to a depth of about two and three-quarter

kilometers. Most of it is in the form of the salt water of the oceans -- about 97 percent. The rest is fresh,but three-quarters of this is in the form of ice at the Poles and on mountains, and cannot be used by living systems until melted. Of the remaining fraction,which is somewhat less than one percent of the

whole,there is 10～20 times as much stored underground water as there is

actually on the surface. There is also a tiny, but extremely important fractionof the water supply which is present as water vapour in the atmosphere.

Water vapour in the atmosphere is the channel through which the whole water circulation(循环)of the biosphere has to pass. Water evaporated(蒸发)from the surface of the oceans, from lakes and rivers and from moist(潮湿的)earth is added to it. From it the water comes out again as rain or snow,falling on either the sea or the land. There is,as might …… 此处隐藏：5012字，全部文档内容请下载后查看。喜欢就下载吧 ……