the english note of Book 4 of Republic Plato

Book 4

(单词前的数字表示行数，前面带*的单词出现在小标题或注释中，书中标的“5”、“10”行

数有错，按自己数的来

将前两版的部分错误进行校正并翻译解释中较难懂的词汇，在解释的重点处通过加粗表

示）

* narration n. the act or process（经过，过程） or an instance of telling (as a story) in detail

419a

4.derive v. to take, receive, or obtain（得到） especially form a specified（详细） source

（来源） derive sth from sth to get sth from sth

6.furnishings n. the furniture, carpets, curtains, etc. in room or house

6.private adj. belonging to or for the use of a patticular person or group；not for public

use

6.sacrifice n. the act of offering sth to god, especially an animal that has been killed in a

special way；an animal that is offered in this way

7.guest n.a person that you have invited to your house or to a particular event that you are

paying for

8.blessed adj. enjoyable in away that gives you a sense of peace or a feeling of freedom

form anxiety（焦虑） or pain

9. auxiliary n. a person who is employed to assist other people in their work

420a

1. garrison n. a group of soldiers whose task is to guard the town or building where they

live（protecter）

2. upkeep n. the cost or process of giving a child or an animal the things that they need

3.wage n. a regular amount of money that you earn，usually every week, for work or

services

6. omit v. not include sth in an activity or piece of work, deliberately（谨慎地） or

accidentally

a host of = a lot of

7.charge n. a statement accusing sb of doing sth wrong or bad

420b

3.path n. a line along which sb or sth moves；the space in front of sb or sth as they move

6.outstandingly adv. extremely well

8.contrast n. the fact of comparing two or more things in order to show the differences

between them

10. inquire=enquire

Enquire（询问，打听） into sth：to find out more information about sth

420c

2.separate v. to divide into different parts or groups；to divide things into different parts or

groups

* resume v. begin speaking again after being stopped for a short time

* unity n. the state of different areas or groups being joined together to form a single

country or organization.

8.defense=defence n. something that is said or written in order to support sth（protect）

420d

3.appropriate adj. suitable，acceptable or correct for the particular circumstances（环境，

情形）

420e

2. robe n. （长袍）a loose piece of clothing which covers all of your body and reaches the

ground

festoon v. to decorate sth by hang or wrap something around it

jewelry=jewellery n. objects such as rings and necklaces that people wear as

decoration

3. potter n. someone who makes pottery 陶工

4. recline v. sit or lie on it with the upper part of your body supported at an angle

couch n. a long, comfortable seat for two or three people

5. feast v. to eat a large amount of food，with great enjoyment

6. pot n. 陶罐

421a

2. cobbler n. a person whose job is to make or mend shoes

inferior adj. less important because of having less status or ability

3. corrupt adj. to be morally wrong, especially by doing dishonest or illegal things in

return for money or power

5. utterly adv. to be very great in extent, degree, or amount

8. genuine adj. to refer to things such as emotions that are real and not pretended

421b

1. critic n. a person who disapproves of sb. and criticizes sb. publicly

pseudo- prefix. to form adjectives and nouns that indicate that something is not the

thing it is claimed to be

421c

1. compel v. to force sb to do sth

2. craftsman n. a skilled person，especially one who makes beautiful things by hand

4. share n. an amount of sth that is thought to be normal or acceptable for one person

* gild v. cover sth’s surface in a thin layer of gold or gold paint

* toastmaster n. the person who proposes toasts and introduces the speakers at a special

ceremony or formal dinner

* counterclockwise adv. moving in the opposite direction to the direction in which the

hands of a clock move

421d

1. corrupt v. to have a bad effect on sb and make them behave in immoral or dishonest

way

exent n. how large，important，serious，etc. sth is

8. idler n. sb. who is criticized because he is lazy and should be working

421e

3. practitioner n. one who practices a profession

7. detect v. notice or sense sth, even though it is not very obvious

8. slip adj. to go somewhere quickly and quietly，especially without being noticed

422a

1. luxury n. the enjoyment of special and expensive things，particularly（特别的） food and

drink，clothes and surroundings

2. revolution n. an attempt, by a large number of people , to change the government of a

country , especially by violent action

illiberality n. the quality or state that is contrary to generosity（慷慨，大方）

422b

4.warrior n. a person who fights in a battle or war

athlete n. a person who is good at sports and physical exercise

422c

2. stifling adj. to describe the heat is so intense that it makes you feel uncomfortable

overcome v. to defeat sb

3. enemy n. a country that you are fighting a war against；the soldiers, etc. of a country

8. likelihood n. the chance of sth happening；how likely sth is to happen

10. grant v. to accept that it is true

422d

1. envoy n. someone who is sent as a representative from one government or political

group to another

2. divine adj. to describe something that is …… 此处隐藏：5057字，全部文档内容请下载后查看。喜欢就下载吧 ……