中考英语阅读理解方法讲解与试题汇编(附答案)(3)

Olympic sports have also changed a lot in the last few thousand years. The ancient games began with just one 192-metre race. In later years, the games grew to include a total of six sports tested skilled soldiers needed. These included races where runners wore fighting equipment and the pankration –-- a violent sport with few rules.

The modern games

Even the modern Olympics were once far smaller than they are today. The first of the modern games, in 1896, once had 241 athletes from 14 countries. Moreover, the early modern Olympics were not an independent event. Until 1908 the Olympics were part of the world’s fair!

At the first modern Olympics, there were 43 events from ten sports. Many of the sports from the early modern games are no longer part of the Olympics. These include the sports of golf and tug of war.. There has always been a lot of disagreement over changing Olympic sports.

The number of Olympic sports has constantly increased throughout history. At the Beijing games, athletes will compete in 302 events from 28 sports. Despite all the changes

over the years, some ancient sports are still part of the modern games. These include running, boxing and wresting.

The Olympics continue to grow and change, and they encourage us all to work harder, go faster and be stronger.

52. What is the best title for the passage?

A. The History of the Summer Olympics

B. The Changes of the Olympics Sports

C. The Growing Events of the Olympics

D. The Increasing Sports of The Summer Olympics

53. The ancient Olympics were held _______.

A. as important religious festivals

B. at Olympia, in Greece

C. in 776 B.C. at Olympia, in Greece

D. in about 100 cities around Mediterranean.

54. Which of the following is NOT true?

A. 241 athletes from competed in 43 events in 1896.

B. The first modern Olympics were held in 1896.

C. 205 countries competed in 302 events at the 28th Olympics .

D. 10,500 athletes will compete in 302 events at Beijing Olympics

55. What can we infer from the passage?

A. The Olympic Games have become a huge international event.

B. The number of Olympic sports has increased throughout history.

C. The Olympics encourage us to work harder, go faster and be stronger.

D. While the games have grown and changed, the Olympic spirit has stayed the same 答案：ABCD

主旨大意题

主旨大意，就是文章的中心思想、主题思想、中心观点，即作者在文章中要表达的基本观点。了解文章的中心思想有助于对文章的细节和特定信息的理解。主旨

大意题常常针对文章的细节和特定信息的理解。主旨大意题常常针对文章的主题，作者的意图、文章或段落的中心思想进行提问，这类题也叫做归纳概括题。 主旨句技巧：

不同的体裁的文章，其表达中心思想方式也不尽相同。新闻报道类往往用一句来概括全篇的内容，然后再进行详细叙述，因此，新闻报道的首句通常就是其中心的内容；说明文或议论文往往用主题句来体现文章或段落的中心，主题句有时出现在段首，有时出现在段尾，有时隐含于整个文章（段落）中间，当然有时也可能没有主题句，同学们需要注意上下文联系，细心体会；叙事性的文章往往没有主题句，需要弄清文章的线索脉络，读懂故事的结局，才能体会作者的用意，进而概括出文章所表达的中心思想。

全文中心大意

【例题一】

The ―halo effect‖ is a classic finding social psychology. It is the idea that general evaluations(评价) about a person (e.g. she is likeable) influence judgments about their specific traits(品质)(e.g. she is intelligent). Hollywood stars give the perfect example. Because they are often attractive and likeable, we naturally consider they are also intelligent, friendly and so on. That is, sometimes, not true.

In the 1970s, well-known social psychologist Richard Nisbett set out to prove the fact that we actually pay little attention to our thought processes in general, especially to the halo effect.

Nisbett wanted to examine the way students made judgments about teachers. They had been divided into two groups to watch two different videos of the same teacher, who happened to have a strong Indian accent. One group watched the teacher answer a series of questions in an extremely warm and friendly manner. The second group saw exactly the same person answer exactly the same questions in a cold and distant manner. In one the teacher appeared to like teaching and students, and in the other he came across as someone powerful who didn’t like teaching at all.

After each group of students watched the videos they were asked to evaluate the teacher on physical appearance, mannerisms and even his accent (mannerisms were kept the same across both videos). The same as the hale effect infers, students who saw the ―warm‖ one evaluated him more attractive, his mannerisms more likeable and even his accent as more

pleasing. This was unsurprising as it backed up the idea s on the halo effect. At the same time, for those who had seen the other video, the result was just the wrong way around.

The surprise is that students had no clue why they gave one teacher higher evaluations. Most said that how much they liked the teacher had not influenced their evaluation of his individual traits at all.

The halo effect is fascinating and now well-known in the business world. For example, books that have ―Harvard Classics‖ written on the front can ask twice the price of the exact same book without it. The same is true in the fashion industry. So the next time you considerbuying a pair of designer jeans or decide whether you like someone, ask yourself whether the halo effect is operating. Are you really evaluating the traits of the person? This simple check could save you wasting your money or refusing a royal friend. Or perhaps, even if you do check, you’ll still never know.

56. Why does the author mention Hollywood stars in the first paragraph?

A. To help us to evaluate others.

B. To explain what the halo effect is

C. To show u …… 此处隐藏：5878字，全部文档内容请下载后查看。喜欢就下载吧 ……