Use of high resolution satellite images for tracking of chan

Over the last decades strong efforts have been made to apply new spaceborn technologies to the study and possible forecast of strong earthquakes. In this study we use ASTER/TERRA multispectral satellite images for detection and analysis of changes in the s

arXiv:0706.1827v2 [physics.geo-ph] 14 Jun 2007

Useofhighresolutionsatelliteimagesfortrackingofchangesinthe

lineamentstructure,causedbyearthquakes.

A.A.Arellano-Baeza(a),R.V.Garcia(b),andM.Trejo-Soto(b)(a)MiningDepartment,UniversityofSantiagodeChile(b)EarthSciencesSchool,AutonomousUniversityofSinaloa

February1,2008

Abstract

itismuchmoreeasilydetectableincaseofconver-gentplateboundaries(forexample,NazcaandSouthAmericanplates).Theresultsobtainedopenapossi-Overthelastdecadesstronge ortshavebeenmade

bilitytodevelopamethodologyabletoevaluatethe

toapplynewspacebornetechnologiestothestudy

seismicriskintheregionswithsimilargeologicalcon-andpossibleforecastofstrongearthquakes.Inthis

ditions.

studyweuseASTER/TERRAmultispectralsatelliteimagesfordetectionandanalysisofchangesinthesystemoflineamentsprevioustoastrongearthquake.1IntroductionAlineamentisastraightorasomewhatcurvedfea-tureinanimage,whichitispossibletodetectbyThroughouttheworld,devastatingearthquakescon-aspecialprocessingofimagesbasedondirectionalstantlyoccurwithlittleornoadvancewarning. lteringandorHoughtransform.”TheLineamentBrune(1979)proposedthatearthquakesmaybein-ExtractionandStripesStatisticAnalysis”(LESSA)herentlyunpredictablesincelargeearthquakesstartsoftwarepackage,developedbyZlatopolsky(1992,assmallerearthquakes,whichinturnstartassmaller1997).Weassumethatthelineamentsallowtode-earthquakes,andsoon.Inhismodel,mostofthetect,atleastpartially,thepresencerupturesinthefaultisinastateofstressbelowthatrequiredtoini-Earthscrust,andthereforeenableonetofollowthetiateslip,butitcanbetriggeredandcausedtoslipchangesinthesystemoffaultsandfracturesassoci-bynearbyearthquakesorpropagatingruptures.Anyatedwithstrongearthquakes.Weanalysed6earth-precursoryphenomenawillonlyoccurwhenstressesquakesoccurredinthePaci ccoastoftheSouthareclosetotheyieldstress.However,sinceevenAmericaandoneearthquakeinTibet,Xizang,Chinasmallearthquakesareinitiatedbystillsmallerearth-withtheRichterscalemagnitude≥5.2Mw.Theyquakes,inthelimit,theregionofruptureinitiationwerelocatedintheregionswithsmallseasonalvari-whereprecursoryphenomenamightbeexpectedisationsandlimitedvegetationtofacilitatethetrack-vanishinglysmall.Evenifeverysmallearthquakeingoffeaturesassociatedwiththeseismicactivitycouldbepredicted,onestillfacestheimpossibletaskonly.Itwasfoundthatthenumberandorientationofdecidingwhichofthethousandsofsmalleventsoflineamentschangedsigni cantlyaboutonemonthwillleadtoarunawaycascadeofrupturecomposingbeforeanearthquakeapproximately,afterthatthealargeevent.systemgraduallyreturnsitsinitialstate.Thisef-Nevertheless,thediscussionaboutthepossibility

fectincreaseswiththeearthquakemagnitude,andofearthquakeforecastcontinuestobeopen,anda

1

Over the last decades strong efforts have been made to apply new spaceborn technologies to the study and possible forecast of strong earthquakes. In this study we use ASTER/TERRA multispectral satellite images for detection and analysis of changes in the s

widespectrumofnewspacebornetechnologiesfortheearthquakestudyandforecastappearedduringthelastdecades.Themainadvantageofspacebornetechnologiesistheabilitytocoverbigterritoriesandareaswithdi cultaccess.Thelistofthesetech-nologiesisverylarge.Asanexampleitispossi-bletomentionthemeasurementsofdi erentiono-sphericprecursorsofearthquakesincludingchangesinelectromagneticELFradiation(Serebryakovaetal.,1992,Gokhbergetal.,1995),andionosphericelectrontemperature(Sharmaetal.,2006),andden-sity(Trigunaitetal.,2004)(seePulinetsatal.,(2003)forareview).Manye ortshavebeenconcentratedinthestudyofthegrounddeformationusingthesatel-literadarinterferometry,thatmakesitpossibletodeterminethelocationandamountofcoseismicsur-facedisplacements(seeforexampleSatybala,2006;SchmidtandBergmann,2006,Lasserreetal.,2005,Funningetal.,2005).TheIRsatellitethermalimag-ingdatawereusedtostudypre-earthquakether-malanomalies(OuzounovandFreund,2004).Theanomaliesinthesurfacelatentheat uxdatawerealsodetectedafewdayspriortocoastalearthquakes(Cervoneetal.,2005,SinghandOuzounov,2003;Deyatal.,2004).

Duringlastyears,signi cantprogresshasbeenreachedintheunderstandinghowthecomplexsetofphenomena,relatedtotheearthquakegestationisre- ected,atleastpartially,inthegeologicallineaments.Inparticular,Cotilla-RodriguezandCordoba-Barba(2004)studiedthemorphotectonicstructureoftheIberianPeninsulaandshowedthatthemainseismicactivityisconcentratedonthe rst-andsecondranklineaments,andsomeofimportantepicentersarelo-catednearthelineamentintersections.Stichetal.,(2001)foundfromtheanalysisof721earthquakeswithmagnitudebetween1.5and5.0,thattheepi-centersdrawwell-de nedlineamentsandshowtwodominantstrikedirectionsN120-130EandN60-70E,whicharecoincidentwiththeknownfaultsystemofthearea.Distanceswithinmultiplets(typicallysev-eraltensofmeters)aresmallerthanthefractureradiioftheseevents.Carveretal.(2003)haveusedtheSRTMandLandsat-7digitaldataandpaleoseismictechniquestoidentifyactivefaultsandevaluateseis-michazardsonthenortheastcoastofKodiakIsland,

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Alaska.

Arellanoetal.(2004ab,2005)studiedthechangesinthelineamentstructurecausedbya5.2RichterscalemagnitudeearthquakeoccurredJanuary27,2004insouthernPeru.Duringlastyearsthisre-gionisstudiedintensivelyusingthegroundbasedseismicnetwork(Comteetal.,2003;Davidetal.,2004;Legrand,2005)aswellasGPSandSARinterferometrydata(Camposetal.,2005).TheASTER/TERRAhighresolutionmultispectralim-ages128and48daysbeforeand73daysaftertheearthquakewereused.Itwasshownthatthelinea-mentsystemisverydynamical,andsigni cantnum-bersoflineamentsappearedbetweenfourandonemonthbeforetheearthquake.Theyalsostudiedthechangesinstripedensity elds.These eldsrepresentthedensityofstripes,calculate …… 此处隐藏：27842字，全部文档内容请下载后查看。喜欢就下载吧 ……