科技英语课后答案

第一章 科技英语阅读

第一节科技英语主要特点

I.

1. The first three sentences in Passage One are all constructed with passive voice

while the first three sentences in Passage Two are constructed with active voice. Therefore, the language in Passage One sounds more formal and objective than that of Passage Two.

2. The words spoken by Sheila in Passage Two are informal. Examples: "There's

Ravi at the home of that American doctor." (Contracted form); "A wonderful guy." (Incomplete sentence); "Ravi looks sweet, doesn 't he?" (Question tag).

3. In the second paragraph of Passage One, "it" refers to "to use insecticide

regularly, on a very large scale."

4. In the second paragraph of Passage Two, "through" means "finish" or

"complete."

5. Passage One is written for academic purpose and Passage Two mainly for

entertainment.

II.

Passage One

A blast of hot air is sent into the bottom of the furnace to make the coke burn fiercely. It into the furnace through pipes. These pipes are While the coke is burning and iron is gas is formed at the top of the chamber. This is led off from the top of the furnace to be used. It contains carbon monoxide, which this gas is used for making the air blast hot. It is led off into stoves.

Passage Two

units called atoms, which are the smallest units of matter composed of positively charged protons, negatively charged electrons, and electrically clustered in the nucleus in the of the atom. Electrons, which are tiny in comparison to the other units, the nucleus at high speed. Atoms that have or lost electrons, and therefore are positively or negatively charged, are called ions.

第二节 科技、半科技英语专业术语

I.

1. D (自动驾驶仪) 2. F (生物钟) 3. I (热核的)4. G (地热的)

5. B (微波) 6. J (放射疗法) 7. E (光周期) 8. A (超导体)

9. H (远距离操纵器) 10. C (超显微/滤过性病毒)

II.

1. 一位从事航空医学研究的医生 2. 防止计算机犯罪的措施

3. 一种新型除霜器 4. 一个用光电池驱动的玩具

5. 一辆装有自动报警器的汽车 6. 隔音材料

7. 一种广泛使用的杀虫剂（农药） 8. 用放射性碳做的试验

9. 电信业的发展 10. 一台通用机床

III.

1. in-(Inorganic) 2. radio- (radioactive)

3. hydro- (Hydrotherapy) 4. -free (caffeine-free)

5. infra- (infrared) / ultra- (ultrared) 6. mono- (monorail)

7. aero- (Aerodynamics) 8. -fold (33-fold)

9. geo- (geocentric) 10. -proof (weatherproof)

11. bio- (biotechnology) 12. anti- (antibiotic)

IV. 发电站 2. 矿物燃料 3. 太阳黑子 4. 航天探测器 5. 滚珠轴承

6. 涡轮 7. 航天飞机 8. 树木的年轮 9. 离心调速器 10. 心肌功能

V.

1. flow 2. laws 3. law 4. conserved

5. transferred 6. transformed 7. bond 8. thermodynamics

9. work 10. law 11. degraded 12. work

13. law 14. state 15. disorder 16. energy

17. law 18. biological 19. metabolically 20. cell

VI.

1. 很明显，许多家用电器的加热和照明作用都依靠电阻。

2. 气体如果不封闭在刚性的容器内就会膨胀，受热的气球便可说明这一现象。

3. 在化学变化中，粒子结构发生变化，生成新的物质。

4. 19世纪，电力设备以及由此兴起的工业得到迅速发展，而当时人们对电的性质还不完全了解。

5. 应注意保证脉冲信号本身不出现不规则现象和中断现象。

6. 可以有把握地说，除了琥珀之外，许多其他物质通过摩擦也能带电。

第三节 科技英语中的复合词与专有名词

1. H (耐热的，抗热的，不传热的) 2. E (带宽)

3. J (流线型的) 4. B (基岩)

5. G (耗电量大的) 6. A (太空行走)

7. I (用水制冷的) 8. D (液态的)

9. F (用防火材料保护的，阻燃的) 10. C (网络)

II.

1. stress shock, stress-related diseases

2. solid-state semiconductor devices

3. energy-efficient appliances

5. steam engine

6. soil organisms

7. windborne dust

8. the chain reaction

9. Fuelwood shortages

10. heat- and scratch-resistant surfaces

III.

1. nylon 2. volt 3. pasteurization 4. Morse code

5. Bunsen burner 6. mackintosh 7. Doppler effect 8. Xerox

9. newton 10. ampere

第四节 科技英语中的复数形式与缩略语

I.

1. bacteria 2. spectra / spectrums 3. radius 4. Fungi 5. nucleus

6. formula 7. phenomenon 8. Algae/Algas 9. larvae /larvas 10. stratum

II.

1. F (computer disc read-only memory)

2. J (ear, nose, and throat)

3. A (ribonucleic acid)

4. H (unidentified flying object)

5. C (microwave landing system)

6. B (video-display terminal)

7. I (personal computer)

8. E (ultraviolet)

9. G (computer-aided manufacturing)

10. D (artificial intelligence)

III.

1. 上述定理和定律不但对直流电路而言是正确的，对交流电路而言也同样是正确的。

2. 美国通常的家用电压是110-220伏，因为人们发现更高的电压会造成致命的事故。

3. 4500型平版印刷机（人们给该机器取的名字）能过生产1英寸厚的18英寸彩色液晶显示屏。

4. 该发生器每小时产生蒸汽20万磅。

5. 电离层的结构是变化的，这就意味着，高频无线电通信的频率极限也是变化的。

第五节 科技英语的主要句型

I.

1. The first program would require a minimum of 108 weeks, while the second 72

2. Heated to 100°C, water will start boiling.

3. The nutrient solution will support growth even if highly dilute.

4. Two or three hundred of these wires, each about 0.19 inches in diameter, are clamped together to form a single strand.

5. The three groups of tranquilizers are marketed in the United States, but not commonly used in Britain.

II.

1. Common salt is soluble in water.

2. Benzene has a boiling point of 80.4°C under normal pressure.

3. This plastics material has greater rigidity.

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