高中英语定语从句讲解详版(适合新授及复习版)

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单词分类(词性)名词 n. 代词 pron. 动词 v. 形容词 adj. 副词 adv.

句子成分(构成句子的各个部分)主要成分：主语和谓语 次要成分：表语、宾语、定语、 状语、同位语、补足语

主语谓语是基础，宾表定状补辅助。 宾主来自名代数，动词作谓不可无！

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句子成 分主语

意义表示句子说的是什么 人或什么事

充当词类名，代，数， 不定式，动 名词，短语 或句子(同 主语) 动词或动词词 组 名，代，数， 不定式，动 名词，短语 或句子(同 主语)

例句We study in Yaosai Middle School. She is dancing. Both of us like English.

谓语 宾语

说明主语做什么，是 什么或怎么样 表示动作行为的对象

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定语: 修饰名词和代词的成分a beautiful flower

a tall boy

定语从句： 修饰名词和代词的从句 先行词

定语从句

This is the best film that I have seen. that 关系词

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修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定 1.定语从句： 语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它 所修饰的先行词之后。 2.先行词： 被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。 3.关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。 关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose等； 关系副词有when, where, why等。 关系词通常有下列三个作用： A、引导定语从句； B、代替先行词； C、在定语从句中担当一个成分。

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This is the film which I saw yesterday.Here are two pictures that are taken from the film .

This is the film whose name is Titanic .The man and the woman whom you see in the picture are Jack and Lucy . Jack and Lucy are the hero and the heroine who loved each other very much in the film .

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which指电影，作宾语

the Attributive Clause that指图片，作主语

This is the film which I saw last night.whose指电影的，作定语

Here are two pictures that are taken from the film . whom指man和woman,作宾语 This is the film whose name is Titanic . The man and the woman whom you see who指hero和heroine,作主语 in the picture are Jack and Lucy . Jack and Lucy are the hero and the heroine who loved each other very much in the film .

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Relative pron:(引导定语从句，并在从句中充 当主语、宾语或表语)

主: who / that宾: whom / who / that

A:指人:

定: whose主: which / that

B:指物

宾: which / that 定: whose

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关系代词:1. who指人,作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省略)

The man who I talked with is our teacher. A person who steals things is called a thief.2. whom指人,作宾语 (作宾语可省略, 如介词提前则不能省)The man (whom/who) I nodded to is Mr. Li. The man to whom I nodded is Professor Li.

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3. which 指物，作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省略, 如介词提前则不能省)These are the trees which were planted last year.

This recorder (which) he is using is made in Japan Is this the library (which) you borrow books from? Is this

the library from which you borrow books?

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4. that 指人/物，作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省略)A plane is a machine. It can fly. A plane is a machine that can fly. He is the man. I told you about him.

He is the man (that/who/whom) I told you about

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5.whose 在定从中作定语，表所属关系， 翻译为“他的/她的/它的”,用来代替 his, her,their,its. whose指人也指物， 指物时 = of which 指人时 = of whomThis is the book whose cover is blue. This is the book of which the cover is blue. This is the book the cover of which is blue

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.Do you know the girl whose father diedin Iraq.

Do you know the girl of whom the fatherdied in Iraq.

Do you know the girl the father of whomdied in Iraq.

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如何选择关系代词? who ,whom, whose, which, that 口诀: 前看先行词, 辩清人或物后看从句里, 有无主宾语

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用适当的关系代词填空：1. This is the house which/that was built last __________ year 2. The boy(whom/ that/who) we saw _______________ yesterday was John’s brother. 3. The car (which/that) my uncle had just __________ bought was destroyed in the earthquake. 4. That is the man(whom/ that ) we were ____________ looking for.

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选择关系代词时要注意的地方：“5+3” P101 只用that 不用which 的8种规则

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that 1. We should do everything _________ is good for our studies. that 2. You can take any seat __________ is free. that 3. This is the only thing_________ we can do. that 4. The is the first place ________ I want to visit. 5. This is the most interesting book _________ that I have ever read. 6. We talked about the things and persons that __________ we were interested in. that 7. There is little ______ I can do to make up for the lost time. that 8. Our school is no longe …… 此处隐藏：2535字，全部文档内容请下载后查看。喜欢就下载吧 ……