Sensorless Control of Surface-Mount Permanent-Magnet Synchro

其他

290IEEETRANSACTIONSONPOWERELECTRONICS,VOL.25,NO.2,FEBRUARY2010

SensorlessControlofSurface-MountPermanent-MagnetSynchronousMotors

BasedonaNonlinearObserver

JunggiLee,StudentMember,IEEE,JinseokHong,StudentMember,IEEE,KwangheeNam,Member,IEEE,

RomeoOrtega,Fellow,IEEE,LaurentPraly,andAlessandroAstol ,Fellow,IEEE

Abstract—Anonlinearobserverforsurface-mountpermanent-magnetsynchronousmotors(SPMSMs)wasrecentlyproposedbyOrtegaetal.(LSS,Gif-sur-YvetteCedex,France,LSSInternalRep.,Jan.2009).Thenonlinearobservergeneratestheposition

viatheestimatesofsinθandcosθ.Incontrasttoestimateθ

Luenberger-typeobservers,itdoesnotrequirespeedinformation,thuseliminatingthecomplexityassociatedwithspeedestimationerrors.Further,itissimpletoimplement.Inthisstudy,thenon-linearobserverperformanceisveri edexperimentally.Toobtainspeedestimatesfromthepositioninformation,aproportional-integral(PI)trackingcontrollerspeedestimatorwasutilized.Theresultsaregoodwithandwithoutloads,above10r/min.

IndexTerms—Motordrives,nonlinearestimation,observers,permanentmagnetmachines,permanentmagnetmotors.

I.INTRODUCTION

P

OSITIONinformationisrequiredfor eldorientationcon-trolofpermanent-magnetsynchronousmotors(PMSMs).Insomeapplications,installingpositionsensorsistroublesome.Forinstance,insomevacuumpumps,itisnotpossibletoextendthemotorshaftoutofthemotorhousingduetosealingprob-lems.Incraneandelevatorapplications,thedistancebetweenthemotorandinverterissolargethatsensorsignalattenuationandnoiseinterferencearehigh.Insomehouseholdequipmentssuchasrefrigeratorsandairconditionerscostconstraintsstymietheuseofspeedsensors.Theaforementionedproblemsmoti-vatedthedevelopmentofsensorlessalgorithmsforPMSMs,forwhichnumerousworkshavebeenpublished.

ManuscriptreceivedJanuary20,2009;revisedMarch30,2009andMay15,2009.CurrentversionpublishedFebruary12,2010.Recommendedforpubli-cationbyAssociateEditorJ.O.Ojo.

J.Lee,J.Hong,andK.NamarewiththeDepartmentofElectricalEn-gineering,PohangUniversityofScienceandTechnology(POSTECH)Uni-versity,Pohang790-784,RepublicofKorea(e-mail:baabu@postech.ac.kr;jinsuk00@postech.ac.kr;kwnam@postech.ac.kr).

R.OrtegaiswiththeLaboratoiredesSignauxetSyst`emes,Supelec,91192Gif-sur-YvetteCedex,France(e-mail:ortega@lss.supelec.fr).L.PralyiswiththeCentreAutomatiqueetSyst`emes,EcoledeMinesdesdeParis,77305Fontainebleau,France(e-mail:praly@ensmp.fr).

A.Astol iswiththeDepartmentofElectricalandElectronicEngineering,ImperialCollegeLondon,LondonSW72AZ,U.K.,andalsowiththeDiparti-mentodiInformatica,SistemieProduzione(DISP),UniversityofRome“TorVergata,”00133Rome,Italy(e-mail:a.astol @ic.ac.uk).

Colorversionsofoneormoreofthe guresinthispaperareavailableonlineat.

DigitalObjectIdenti er10.1109/TPEL.2009.2025276

SensorlesstechniquesforPMSMsarebroadlyclassi edintothreetypes:motionelectromotiveforce(EMF),inductance,and uxlinkage[2].Matsui[3]pioneeredtheareaofsensorlesscon-trolsforPMSMswithposition-andspeed-updatealgorithmsbasedoncurrenterrors,whichoriginatedfromcoordinatemis-alignments.OgasawaraandAkagi[14]derivedangleestimatesbyutilizingthedependenceofinductanceontherotorposi-tionwhentherotorhassaliency.Tomitaetal.[4]introducedadisturbanceobserverforanEMF-basedestimator.CorleyandLorenz[5]proposedasensorlesscontrolthatoperatedatzerospeedwithahigh-frequencycurrentinjectionandaheterodyne lteringtechnique.Aiharaetal.[6]combinedasignalinjectiontechniquewithabackEMF-basedpositionestimationmethod.Nahid-Mobarakehetal.[8]studiedthein uenceofmeasure-menterrorsandinverterirregularitiesontheperformanceofthesensorlesscontrol.XuandRahman[10],Liuetal.[12],andChenetal.[7]usedadaptivesliding-modeobservers,andBolognanietal.[11]appliedtheextendedKalman lterandproposedguidelinesforchoosingnoisecovariancematrices.Bianchietal.[24]comparedtwosignalinjectionmethodsforzero-speedrotorpositiondetection.

Itiswidelyrecognizedthatback-EMF-basedmethodsper-formwellformiddle-andhigh-speedapplications.However,themajordrawbackisthattheybehavepoorlyatstandstillandinthelow-speedregion.Further,theyaresensitivetoinherentmotortorquerippleandnoises.However,withhigh-frequencysignalinjectionmethods,full-torquezero-speedoperationisfeasible.Solsonaetal.[20]usedanonlinearobserveralongwithnon-linearcoordinatetransformationforsurface-mountpermanent-magnetsynchronousmotor(SPMSM)andloaddynamics.How-ever,theirstatecontainsspeedvariableandthetransformedequationsarecomplex.Janssonetal.[21]utilizedd-axiscur-rentinproportiontoq-axiscurrenttoreducetheeffectofstatorresistancevariation,andshowedstableperformancesinstartingandspeedreversal.

Recently,Ortegaetal.[17]establishedsometheoreticalprop-ertiesofanonlinearobserverforSPMSM.Instrumentaltoourdevelopmentwastheuseofanewstatevariablerepresentationofthemotordynamics[18].Theproposedobserverusedthe uxlinkageasthenewstatevariableandthespeeddependencewaseliminated.Themaininterestoftheobserverof[17]isitssimplicity,whichmakesitasuitablecandidateforpracticalimplementation.Inthispaper,asensorlesscontrollerwiththenonlinearobserverisconstructed,anditspracticalusefulnessisdemonstrated.

0885-8993/$26.00©2010IEEE

其他

LEEetal.:SENSORLESSCONTROLOFSPMSMs

Fig.1.SchematicdiagramofthePMSM.

II.NONLINEARPOSITIONOBSERVERFORSPMSMFig.1showsaschematicdiagramofaPMSMwithasinu-soidal uxdistribution,whered–qaxesdenoteasynchronousreferenceframeandα–βaxesdenotethestationaryreferenceframe.Notethatd-axisisrotatedfromα-axisbyangleθr.Inthestationaryα–βframe,theSPMSMdynamicsaregivenby

L˙iRsinθ αβ= siαβ+ωψm cosθ

+vαβ(1)TP

e=

34

ψm(iαcosθ iβsinθ)(2)

whereiαβ=[iα,iβ]Tisstatorcurrent,vαβ=[vα,vβ]Tisthe

motorterminalvoltage,θ=(P/2)θr,ω=(P/2)(d/dt)(θ),Rsisthestatorresistance,Listhestatorinductance,ψmisthepermanentmagnet uxlinkage,Teistheelectromagnetictoque,andPisthenumberofpoles.Supposethatrsandlsarethephaseresistanceandinductance,respectively.The …… 此处隐藏：5592字，全部文档内容请下载后查看。喜欢就下载吧 ……