Prep2012_Pack1_RC(题目版)(5)

makes firms adhere to or deviate from their strategic plans

D. To an assertion made in the preceding sentence about how top management

decisi0n—making affects the likelihood that firms will adhere to their strategic plans

E. To explain a distinction relied on in the second paragraph regarding two different kinds of

strategic missions

PREP2012-Pack1-RC-006-02 VRC000400-03 Easy

It can be inferred from the passage that which of the following firms would be the most to adhere to its strategic plans?

A. One that is pursuing a build strategy and whose strategic plans were developed through

the process of decision sharing

B. One that is pursuing a harvest strategy and whose strategic plans were developed

through the process of decision-sharing

C. One that is pursuing a harvest strategy and whose strategic plans were developed by an

individual leader with a strong personal vision for the future

D. One that does not fluctuate between builds and harvest strategies

E. One that has a long—established practice of top management decision-sharing PREP2012-Pack1-RC-006-03 VRC000400-04 Easy

The author includes the quotation in the highlighted text of the passage most probably in order to

A. lend support to the claim that firms utilizing harvest strategies may be more to adhere to

their strategic plans

B. suggest a reason that many managers of large firms prefer harvest strategies to build

strategies

C. provide an example of a firm that adhered to its strategic plan because of the degree of

its managers’ commitment

D. demonstrate that managers implementing harvest strategies generally have better

strategic options than do managers implementing build strategies

E. give an example of a large firm that successfully implemented a harvest strategy PREP2012-Pack1-RC-006-04 VRC000400-06 Easy

According to the theory and research discussed in the first paragraph of the passage, which of the following may be true of firms that use teams to develop their strategic plans?

A. They are more to pursue build strategies rather than harvest strategies.

B. They are less likely to have a well-defined strategic mission than are firms with individual

leaders.

C. They are less to deviate from their strategic plans because team members may be more

committed to the plans.

D. They generally follow a similar pattern in alternating efforts to increase revenues and

market share with efforts to generate short-term profits.

E. They are less likely to adhere to their strategic plans because they tend to lack a clear

strategic vision.

PREP2012-Pack1-RC-006-05 VRC000400-07 Hard

The primary purpose of the passage is to

A. identify some of the obstacles that make it difficult for firms to adhere to their strategic

business plans

B. compare two different theories concerning why firms adhere to or deviate from their

strategic plans

C. evaluate the utility of top management decision-sharing as a method of implementing

the strategic mission of a business

D. discuss the respective advantages and disadvantages of build and harvest strategies

among several large firms

E. examine some of the factors that may affect whether or not firms adhere to their

strategic plans

PREP2012-Pack1-RC-007

Years before the advent of plate tectonics—the widely accepted theory, developed in the mid-1960s, that holds that the major features of Earth's surface are created by the horizontal motions of Earth's outer shell, or lithosphere—a similar theory was rejected by the geological community. In 1912, Alfred Wegener proposed, in a widely debated theory that came to be called continental drift, that Earth's continents were mobile. To most geologists today, Wegener’s The Origin of Continents and Oceans appears an impressive and prescient

document, containing several of the essential presumptions underlying plate tectonics theory: the horizontal mobility of pieces of Earth's crust; the essential difference between oceanic and continental crust; and a causal connection between horizontal displacements and the formation of mountain chains. Yet despite the considerable overlap between Wegener’s concepts and the later widely embraced plate tectonics theory, and despite the fact that continental drift theory presented a possible solution to the problem of the origin of

mountains at a time when existing explanations were seriously in doubt, in its day Wegener’s theory was rejected by the vast majority of geologists.

Most geologists and many historians today believe that Wegener's theory was rejected

because of its lack of an adequate mechanical basis. Stephen Jay Gould, for example, argues that continental drift theory was rejected because it did not explain how continents could move through an apparently oceanic floor. However, as Anthony Hallam has pointed out, many scientific phenomena, such as the ice ages, have been accepted before they could be fully explained. The most likely cause for the rejection of continental drift—a cause that has been largely ignored because we consider Wegener's theory to have been validated by the theory of plate tectonics—is the nature of the evidence that was put forward to support it. Most of Wegener's evidence consisted of homol0gies—similarities of patterns and forms based on direct observations of rocks in the field, supported by the use of hammers, hand lenses, and field notebooks. In contrast, the data supporting plate tectonics were

impressively geophysical—instrumental| determinations of the physical properties of Earth garnered through the use of seismographs, magnetometers, and computers.

PREP2012-Pack1-RC-007-01 VRC000416-01 Medium

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