Prep2012_Pack1_RC(题目版)(3)

With which of the following statements regarding the differing interpretations of Nightingale’s importance would the author most

A. Summers misunderstood both the importance of Nightingale's achievements during the

Crimean War and her subsequent influence on British policy.

B. The editors of Nightingale’s letters made some valid points about her practical

achievements, but they still exaggerated her influence on subsequent generations.

C. Although Summers’ account of Nightingale’s role in the Crimean War may be accurate;

she ignored evidence of Nightingale’s subsequent achievement that suggests that her reputation as an eminent social reformer is well deserved.

D. The editors of Nightingale's letters mistakenly propagated the outdated idealization of

Nightingale that only impedes attempts to arrive at a balanced assessment of her

true role.

E. The evidence of Nightingale's Letters supports Summers’ conclusions both about

Nightingale’s activities and about her influence.

PREP2012-Pack1-RC-003-05 VRC07619-05 Medium In the last paragraph, the author is primarily concerned with

A. summarizing the arguments about Nightingale presented in the first two paragraphs

B. refuting the view of Nightingale's career presented in the preceding paragraph

C. analyzing the weaknesses of the evidence presented elsewhere in the passage

D. citing evidence to support a view of Nightingale’s career

E. correcting a factual error occurring in one of the works under review

PREP2012-Pack1-RC-004

Customer loyalty programs are attempts to bond customers to a company and its products and services by offering incentives— such as airline frequent flyer programs or special credit cards with valuable benefits—t0 loyal customers. In support of loyalty programs, companies often invoke the “80/20" principle, which states that about 80 percent of revenue typically comes from only about 20 percent of customers. However, this profitable 20 percent are not necessarily loyal buyers, especially in the sense of exclusive loyalty. Studies have

demonstrated that only about 10 percent of buyers for many types of frequently purchased consumer goods are 100 percent loyal to a particular brand over a one-year period. Moreover, 100-percent-loyal buyers tend to be light buyers of the product or service. “Divided loyalty” better describes actual consumer behavior, since customers typically vary the brands they buy. The reasons for this behavior are fairly straightforward: people buy different brands for different occasions or for variety, or a brand may be the only one in stock or may offer better value because of a special deal. Most buyers who change brands are not lost forever; usually, they are heavy consumers who simply prefer to buy a number of brands. Such multiband loyalty means that one company's most profitable customers will probably be its

competitors’ most profitable customers as well.

Still, advocates of loyalty programs contend that such programs are beneficial because the costs of serving highly loyal customers are lower, and because such loyal customers are less

price sensitive than other customers. It is true that when there are start-up costs, such as credit checks, involved in serving a new customer, the costs exceed those of serving a repeat customer. However, it is not at all clear why the costs of serving a highly loyal customer should in principle be different from those of serving any other type of repeat customer. The key variables driving cost are size and type of order, special versus standard order, and so on, not high-loyalty versus divided-loyalty customers. As for price sensitivity, highly loyal customers may in fact come to expect a price discount as a reward for their loyalty. PREP2012-Pack1-RC-004-01 VRC000108-01 Medium The primary purpose of the passage is to

A. question the notion that customer loyalty programs are beneficial

B. examine the reasons why many customers buy multiple brands of products

C. propose some possible alternatives to customer loyalty programs

D. demonstrate that most customers are not completely loyal to any one brand of product or

service

E. compare the benefits of customer loyalty programs with those of other types of purchase

incentive programs

PREP2012-Pack1-RC-004-02 VRC000108-02 Easy

The passage mentions each of the following as a potential reason for customers’ divided loyalty EXCEPT

A. a particular brand may be the only one available

B. a particular brand may be offered at a discount

C. customers will often buy multiple brands out of a desire for variety

D. customers will often buy an unfamiliar brand when it is new on the market

E. customers will often buy certain brands for certain occasions

PREP2012-Pack1-RC-004-03 VRC000108-03 Easy

According to the passage, advocates of customer loyalty programs claim which of the following about highly loyal customers?

A.

B.

C.

D.

E. They often expect price discounts as a reward for their loyalty to a product. They can be served at lower expense to a company than can nonloyal customers. They tend to be light but predictable buyers of the product or service in question. They are to try out new brands or products that appear on the market. They are difficult to differentiate statistically from other types of repeat customers. PREP2012-Pack1-RC-004-04 VRC000108-04 Easy

The passage suggests that companies that invoke the “80/20" principle in support of customer loyalty programs which of the following

A. A well-designed customer loyalty program can increase the number of a company's loyal

customers by as much as 80 percent.

B. About 20 percent of any given company's most profitable customers are lik …… 此处隐藏：6119字，全部文档内容请下载后查看。喜欢就下载吧 ……