高考英语动词时态语态复习(2)

A．offered B．will offer C．are offering D．have offered

(3)短暂性动词的现在完成时在肯定句中不能和表示一段时间的状语连用，但在否定句中可以和一段时间连用，因为否定句表示的是状态。

I haven't seen him for a long time. 我好久没有看见他了。

She hasn't received his letter for three years. 她已经三年没有收到过他的信了。

3、使用以下两种句型：

①It's＋时间段＋since＋从句。②时间段＋has＋passed＋since＋从句。

他起床一个小时了。(×)He got up for one hour.

(√)It's one hour since he got up. (√)One hour has passed since he got up.

考点八、过去完成时：表示到过去某时为止或在过去某时之前已经发生或完成的动作即―过去的过去‖。

－－－|－－－－－－－|－－－－－－－－|―→

过去的过去过去现在

句式结构：主语＋had＋done

1、常用的时间状语有：by the end of last term(到上学期期末为止), by then(到那时为止), before(在……以前), by the time(到……时)等。

如：By the time we arrived, the meeting had already begun.

By the end of last term, we had learned 2,000 new words.

例、The plane __________ when we got to the airport.

A．had taken off B．was taken off C．will take off D．is taking off

考点九、现在完成进行时：表示从过去开始一直持续到现在，现在还在进行的动作

1、句式结构：主语＋have(has)＋been＋doing

(1)强调过去发生的动作一直延续到现在，常与all day, all this morning, all these years或―for＋时间段‖连用。

She is very tired. She has been typing letters all day. 她很累，她整天都在打字。

I've been working for the company for 15 years. 我为这家公司工作15年了。

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（二）动词语态

1．当句子的主语是动作的执行者时，谓语的形式叫主动语态。句子的主语是动作承受者时，谓语的形式叫被动作语态。被动语态由助动词be + 过去分词构成（be done），时态通过be 表现出来。

1）一般现在时：am/is/are done 2）一般过去时：were/was done

3）一般将来时：will/shall be done 4）现在进行时：am/is/are being done

5）过去进行时：was/were being done 6）现在完成时：has/have been done

7）过去完成时：had been done 8）过去将来时：would be done

9. 将来完成时：will have been done

2. 一些特殊的被动结构

1）带情态动词的被动结构(情态动词be done)：

The problem must be solved soon.

2）非谓语的被动结构：being done 和to be done

I don't like being laughed at in the public.

the room is going to be painted. the homework needs to be done with care.

3)在使役动词have, make, get以及感官动词see, watch, notice, hear, feel, observe等后面不定式作宾语补语时，在主动结构中不定式to要省略，但变为被动结构时，要加to。

例Someone saw a stranger walk into the building. 可改为

4). 有些相当于及物动词的动词词组，如―动词＋介词‖，―动词＋副词‖等，也可以用于被动结构，但要把它们看作一个整体，不能分开。其中的介词或副词也不能省略。

例The meeting is to be put off till Friday

5). 表示―发生、进行‖的不及物动词和短语，如：happen, last, take place, break out, come out, come about, come true, run out, give out, turn out等无被动。系动词无被动

例: How do the newspapers come out? 例:Your reason sounds reasonable

6）主动形式表达被动意义

①be worth doing; ②it is +adj+（for sb）to do sth

③ need，require，want, 主语为物时，sth need/reqiure/want doing 表达被动意义，（相当于sth need/require/want to be done）

例:The house needs repairing（to be repaired）．这房子需要修理。

④. It is said that+从句

一些表示“据说”或“相信”的动词如believe, consider, expect, report, say, suppose, think等可以用于句型“It＋be ＋过去分词＋that从句”或“主语＋be＋过去分词＋to do sth.”。

例It is said that the boy has passed the national exam. （＝The boy is said to have passed the national exam. ）

⑤. 英语中有很多动词如break，catch，clean，drive，lock，open，sell，read，write，wash等，当它们被用作不及物动词来描述主语特征时，常用其主动形式表达被动意义,主语通常是物。

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例:This kind of cloth washes well.

注意：主动语态表被动强调的是主语的特征，而被动语态则强调外界作用造成的影响。

试比较：The door won't lock．（指门本身有毛病）

The door won't be locked．（指不会有人来锁门,指“门没有锁”是人的原因）

⑥在too… to 结构中，不定式前面可加逻辑主语，所以应用主动形式表示被动意义。

例This book is too expensive (for me) to buy.

特殊句式：

1.it/this is the first/second time that…(have/has done)

it/this was the first/second time that…(had done)

2. it is (high/about) time that …(过去时或者should do)

3. it is/has been 段时间since… (过去式)

4.sb was/wer e aboout to do…

sb was/ were doing sth…when 一般过去式

sb was/ were going to do sth

5. would rather+从句，从句常用一般过去时

6. hardly /scarcely...when…

no sooner...than... 从句用一般过去时，主句用过去完成时

巩固练习

I适当形式填空

A. 高考真题演练

1.Shakespe are’s play Hamlet（make）into at least ten different films over the past years.

2. --- Do you think Mom and Dad （be）late?

--- No, Swiss Air is usually on time.

3. Hurry up! Mark and Carl （expect）us.

4.--- So what is the procedure?

--- All the applicants （interview）before a final decision is made by the authority. 5. The famous musician, as well as his students, _______ （invite）to perform at the opening ceremony of the 2012 Taipei Flower Expo.

6.The girl has a great interest in sport and ______ （take）badminton classes twice a week over the last three years.

7.―What do you want to be?‖ asked Mrs. Crawford. ―Oh, I _______（be）president,‖ said the boy, with a smile.

8. Around two o’clock every night, Sue will start talking in her dream. It somewhat ________ （bother）us.

9. If nothing ________（do）, the oceans will turn into fish deserts.

10. — Have you heard about the recent election?

— Sure, it ________ （be）the only thing on the news for the last three days.

11. — I don’t understand why you did …… 此处隐藏：4442字，全部文档内容请下载后查看。喜欢就下载吧 ……