论法律英语专业术语的翻译及特征(2)

语言，但在句子结构上毕竟还有相同点，大体上都具有是“主、谓、宾”的基本框架。只要英语句子可以按其原有的成分排列顺序转换成结构大体相同的汉语句子，翻译时就应当照办，而不能随意偏离翻译的基本原则，把翻译当作释义。例如一些法规将“但是”翻译成“but”或者“however”，这样的翻译不符合法律英语的特点，应该改译成更符合法律英语语体的“provided that”。另外，有些日常用语在法律语境下失去了原来的民族共同语义项，甚至与民族共同语义项大相径庭。 For example, some regulations will "but" translated "but" or "however", that does not meet the legal English translation of the characteristics of the law should be changed into English language more in line with the body "provided that". In addition, some everyday language lost in the legal context of the national common semantics of the original item, or items with very different national common semantics.

Legal terminology translation consistency. Translation in the choice of words and forms of expression must be consistent with the target language of expression, only the target language translation of the vocabulary of legal language features to readers in the target language readers as the original text of the law as to maintain the solemn and authoritative.For the original English text of the law in the form of a synonym or synonyms used in conjunction with the translation, because the difference between English and Chinese language, not every subtle differences in meaning in English have the appropriate synonym or synonyms of such terms in Chinese, therefore, not necessary to the original in every synonyms and synonyms are translated.

2.法律术语翻译的一致性。译文在词汇的选择和表达形式上都必须符合目标语言的表达习惯，译文只有符合目标语法律语言的词汇特征，才能在目标语的读者面前像原文本的读者一样保持法律的庄严和权威性。对于英文原法律文本中的同义词或近义词连用形式的翻译，由于英汉语言的区别，并不是每一个在意义上有细微差别的英语同义词或近义词都有相应的汉语对等词汇，因此，并没有必要把原文中的每一个同义词和近义词都翻译出来。法律语言间词语使用的一致性，

必须由使用法律语言的双方认可，而且不像日常生活或自然科学中词语的使用容易达到相同的理解。总的来说，人们并不需要追求完全等同的词语，应该基于法律体系的框架寻找近似的词语，这需要翻译者做出词语合适性的至关重要的判断。并不是所有的法律用语都能根据字面意义直接翻译成目标语，如果贸然直译原法律文本中的词汇，而译文表达的法律概念却在目标法律体系中根本不存在，或者恰巧和目标法律体系的某个法律表达吻合但却表述完全不同的法律概念，则不可避免地会造成目标法律文本读者对译文产生困惑和误解。解决这类问题的出路在于认真理解原法律文本术语内在的法律含义，用目标文本中带有相同法律含义的法律术语翻译。

3.Between the words used in legal language, consistency, use the language of the law must be recognized by both sides, but unlike the natural sciences in everyday life or use of the phrase easy to achieve the same understanding.In general, people do not need to pursue exactly the same words, the framework should be based on the legal system to find similar words, which requires the translator to make the appropriate terms of critical judgments.Not all of the literal meaning of legal terms can be directly translated into according to the target language, the literal translation of the original text of the law if the rush of words, The translation of legal concepts are expressed in the target legal system does not exist, or the legal system and the target happens to but a legal expression consistent with a completely different legal concepts expressed, then the target will inevitably result in the translation of legal texts the reader confused and misunderstood.To solve such problems lies in the legal text of the original terms carefully to understand the inner meaning of the law, with the target text with the same legal meaning of the translation of legal terms.

3. The innovations in the translation of legal terms. Because of different legal systems and the development of social science and natural science, the expression of new things have to rely on new terms. Under the influence of the surging globalization and the new science and technology, the original regular expressions can not exactly convey the many new social and legal phenomena, and thus a large number of new legal

English is generated. The formation of new words can be summarized as the following forms: compounding, derivation, transformation of the meaning of words, extension of grammatical features, abbreviated method, creation of new words and so on. Most new words originate from the gifted pens of news media reporter, while a small part of the new words is out of the ingenuity of the scholars and experts, which is widely accepted by the public, and officially became a "new word". For the development of things, the existing national common language can be used, but given a new legal meaning, such as "family planning", "extradition" and so on; For the new legal concepts derived from legal and cultural differences, loan words can be borrowed. But the creation of new legal terms must be careful, it is best translated by the legal authority to develop uniform standards, so that the new expression of legal terminology can unified and standardized.

3.法律术语翻译的创新性。由于法律制度的不同和社会科学及自然科学的发展，新的事物的产生要求用新的法律术语来表达。在汹涌的全球化和新的科学技术的影响下，原有的常规字词已经不能确切表达许多最新发生的社会法律现象，因而法律英语中生成大量新的词汇。新词的形成可归纳为以下几种形式：复合法、派生法、字义转换、文法功能引申、缩略法、造新词等。新词的制造大部分出于新闻媒体

记者的生花妙笔，少部分则出自学者专家的巧思，通过社会大众的广泛接受，正式成为“新词”。对于发展的事物，可以采用已有的民族共同语但给其赋予新的法律含义，如“计划生育”、“引渡”等；对于由于法律文化的差异而产生的新的法律概念可以借用外来语。但是创造新的法律术语必须谨慎，最好由法律翻译权威机构制定统一的标准，以使新的法律术语的表达统一而规范。

结论

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