自考英美文学选读笔记 精简版

自考英语专业 文学选读精简版笔记

零散知识记忆

2010.1.11 Old English 450-1066 <Beowulf>

Medieval English 1066 - middle 14th century

Geoffrey Chaucer - the father of English poetry

<The Canterbury Tales> first time to use 'heroic couplet'

The Renaissance - rebirth or revival

Humanism - the essence of the Renaissance, the dignity of human being & the importance of the present life

Edmund Spenser - the poets' poet <The Faerie Queene>

Christopher Marlowe - University Wits, the pioneer of English drama Blank verse, hyperbole夸张

<Dr. Faustus> the human passion for knowledge, power and happiness <The Passionate Shepherd to His Love> pastoral life

William Shakespeare - above all writers in the past and in the present time Four tragedies - Hamlet, Othello, King Lear & Macbeth

<Sonnet 18> eternal or immortal beauty

<The Merchant of Venice> to praise the friendship between Antonio and Bassanio, to idealize Portia a heroine of great beauty, wit and loyalty, to expose the insatiable greed and brutality <Hamlet> hesitate between fact and fiction, language and action, too sophisticated to degrade his nature to the conventional role of a stage revenger To be, or not to be - to live on in this world or to die; to suffer or to take action Soliloquy or monologue - fully reveal the inner conflict of the characters Francis Bacon - brevity, compactness & powerfulness, his essays is an important landmark in the development of English proseInductive method 归纳法 in place of

自考英语专业 文学选读精简版笔记

deductive method 演绎法<Of Studies> uses and benefits of study - studies serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability. Studies perfect nature, and are perfected by experience. Different ways adopted by different people to pursue studies - studies and experience are complementary 互补 to each other. The correct attitude to reading books - to weigh and consider. How studies exert influence over human character - reading maketh a full man, conference a ready man, and writing an exact man. John Donne

metaphysical poetry - break away from love poetry, a seemingly unfocused diversity of experiences and attitudes, and a free range of feelings and moodsConceits, syllogism 三段论

<The Sun Rising> the busy sun is always ready to interfere with other things and everywhere

<Death, Be Not Proud> whatever you are, you can not escape from death. When you are living, you are always in the shadow of death. Death only lasts a moment, our life after death is eternal. The more pleasure the death gives people, not only the pleasure of the rest & the sleep, because 'whom the gods love die young'. Though death is usually considered powerful, it actually provides a rest for a man's body and a birth for his soul.

John Milton

<Paradise Lost> the only generally acknowledged epic in English literature since Beowulf. The conflict is between human love and spiritual duty. In heaven, Satan led a rebellion against God with his unconquerable will.

<Paradise Regained>

<Samson Agonistes> the most perfect example of the verse drama after the Greek style in English.

Neoclassicism - a revival of interest in the old classical works, order, logic, restrained emotion抑制情感 & accuracyEnlightenment - a progressive intellectual movement, reason (rationality), equality & science

Gothic novel - mystery, horror & castles

John Bunyan

<The Vanity Fair> from <The Pilgrim's Progress>, a religious allegory, pursue the truth

Alexander Pope

自考英语专业 文学选读精简版笔记

<An Essay on Criticism> a poem written in heroic couplets, criticize the present poem lack of true taste & call on people to turn to the old Greek and Roman writers for guidance, 'true wit' is best set in a plain (simple & clear) style.

Daniel Defoe - the first writer study of the lower-class people<Robinson Crusoe>, praise the human labor and the Puritan fortitude 清教徒坚韧

Jonathan Swift - a master satirist In his opinion, human nature is seriously and permanently flawed

Proper words in proper places

<A Modest Proposal>

<Gulliver's Travels>, four parts - Lilliput, Brobdingnag, Flying Island & Houyhnhnm Henry Fielding - Father of English novel, Prose HomerComic epic in prose <The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling>

Samuel Johnson - first combine an English dictionary, last neoclassicist enlightener <A Dictionary of the English Language>

<To the Right Honorable the Earl of Chesterfield>

Richard Brinsley Sheridan - the only important English dramatist of the 18th century <The Rivals> and <The School for Scandal> are regarded as important links between the masterpieces of Shakespeare and those of Bernard Shaw.

Thomas Gray

The Graveyard School <Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard>

Romantic - emotion over reason, spontaneous emotion, a change from the outer world of social civilization to the inner world of the human spirit, poetry should be free from all rules, imagination, nature, commonplace

The romantic period began with the publication of Wordsworth and Coleridge's <Lyrical Ballads>

William Blake -engraver雕刻家

<The Chimney Sweeper> from <Songs of Innocence> a happy and innocence world from children's eye

自考英语专业 文学选读精简版笔记

<The Chimney Sweeper> from <Songs of Experience> a world of misery, poverty, disease, war and repression with a melancholy 忧郁的tone from men eyes Childhood, paradoxes, a pairing of opposites

<The Tyger>

William Wordsworth - the leading figure of the English romantic poetry, simple,

spontaneous, worshipper of na …… 此处隐藏：5403字，全部文档内容请下载后查看。喜欢就下载吧 ……