100GbE_Overview_white_paper

100GE以太网技术介绍

An Overview of Next-Generation 100 and 40 Gigabit Ethernet Technologies P/N 915-0908-01 Rev D September, 2009

100GE以太网技术介绍

100GE以太网技术介绍

Contents

Abstract.....................................................................................................2

The.Need.for.Speed...................................................................................2

Different Uses – Different Speeds ..........................................................................4

The Costly Alternative .........................................................................................4

Recent.Developments.and.Events................................................................5

Higher.Speed.Technology...........................................................................6

Use of Existing Fiber ...........................................................................................6

Not reinventing the wheel ...................................................................................7

Efforts.to.bring.100.GbE.to.market.in.the.near-term...................................8

100GE以太网技术介绍

Backbone Internet bandwidth maintained by the major Internet carriers has been expanding at 75 to125% per year, driven by expansion in the number of broadband Internet users and growing use of bandwidth-

hungry applications.

2AbstractAdvances in data center technology and Internet usage have pushed enterprises to 10 Gigabit Eth-ernet (Gbps) links and search engines, carriers, ISPs to multiple 10 Gbps links. Projected growth mandates the need for higher speed Internet connections. An IEEE Task Force has been established with the objective of standardizing 40 Gbps within the data center and 100 Gbps between major Internet nodes. If higher speed Ethernet is to be a success it must take advantage of existing data center copper and longer-reach fiber cables. The first implementation of the adopted PCS layer for PCS lane distribution was demonstrated by Ixia in mid 2008.The.Need.for.SpeedThe amount of backbone Internet bandwidth maintained by the major Internet carriers has been expanding at 75 to125% per year1, driven by the explosion of broadband Internet users and growing use of bandwidth-hungry applications. Video-centric applications are the main contribu-tors, including high-definition IPTV, video distibutors such as YouTube , and video conferencing services. Other significant bandwidth gobblers include peer–to-peer sharing, virtual private net-works, wireless backhaul, gaming, and various forms of online collaboration. Figure 12 illustrates the changing nature of Internet usage from 2006 to 2012 (estimated).Figure 1. Changing Internet Usage1 Impairments, I. PG. Coffman and A. M. Odlysko, “Growth of the Internet,” Optical Fiber Telecommunications IV B: Systems and 2 IDC Report on U.S. Consumer Internet 2007-2011 Forecast, June 2007, Kaminow and T. Li, eds. Academic Press, 2002, pp. 17-56.

100GE以太网技术介绍

Advances in computer and networking technologies have likewise led to an increased demand for bandwidth within the data center. Multicore processing and virtualization have expanded the capacity and utility of individual servers.

Network attached storage (NAS) is rapidly replacing local disks, allowing access to larger

amounts of data, centralized maintenance, and improved disk usage. Reduced costs are realized by consolidating servers and by employing NAS, as well as through the reduction of the number of network interfaces required both on servers and on network switches. With this consolida-tion, however, comes higher network data volume on a per-server basis. Most data centers have switched from Gigabit to 10 Gbps technologies to meet their bandwidth needs.

A growing number of the largest Internet services – Google, Yahoo, MySpace, Facebook, AOL, for example – have a near-term expected need for 40 Gbps in the data center and100 Gbps between data centers, as illustrated in Figure 2 (courtesy of Google).

Figure 2. Data Center Network Aggregation

With the enterprise migration from frame relay and other private networks to IPSec and layer 2-3 VPNs, ISPs have found it necessary to offer 10 Gbps customer connections. ISPs traditionally require 4 to 10 times the bandwidth of their largest customer connection in order to provide the

proper levels of service.ISPs traditionally require 4 to 10 times the bandwidth of their largest customer connection in order to provide the proper levels of service.

3

100GE以太网技术介绍

Each new 10 Gbps bandwidth step comes with additional switch and/or computer interfaces – both of which are expensive affairs.

es.–.Different.SpeedsData center network usage is driven by Moore’s law – doubling every 24 months. While 10 Gbps appears to be sufficient for most data centers today, 40 Gbps is expected to meet data center needs through 2014.Aggregated Internet traffic, however, is related to general Internet and telecom growth – doubling every 12 to18 months. A higher bandwidth solution is required. According to the Ethernet Alliance3:“The increasing trend of Ethernet being an end-to-end network solution and the under-standing that a 40 Gbps interface will not be sufficient to address the aggregation demand has resulted in the 100 Gbps rate being identified as the next high-speed net-work operator interface. The core network needs to evolve to a higher rate, and opera-tors are looking to Ethernet as the new ‘fat pipe’ for the core of their backbone; position-ing 100 Gbps to complete the transition to an end-to-end all-Ethernet infrastructure.”Based on the current rate of backbone bandwidth expansion, 100 Gbps should meet the needs of carriers and ISPs through 2015.The.Costly.AlternativeLacking alternatives …… 此处隐藏：5955字，全部文档内容请下载后查看。喜欢就下载吧 ……