成人学士学位英语考试复习资料(词汇、短词、阅读、作文)(4)

37、be known as； be known for； be known to； be known in

Ø be known as 意为“作为 而著名”，其后的名词表示一个人的身份、职业等。如： Liu Huan is known as a singer．刘欢作为一个歌手而出名。

We’re sure you’ll be well-known as an artist．我们相信你会成为一位著名的画家。 Ø be known for 意为“因 而著名”，其后所接内容表示某人或物的特点、特长等。如： Guilin is known for her beautiful mountains and rivers．桂林因其美丽的山水而闻名。 Mr Geldof is well-known for organizing two big pop concerts on the same day． 盖尔多夫先生因在同一天组织两场大型的流行音乐会而出名。

Ø be known to “为 所了解／知道”，其后接表示人的词语。“（人们都）知道”，其后接动词原形。如：

He is known to all in our village．村子里的人都了解他。

He was known to have invented many things．＝It was known that he had invented many things．

人们都知道他已经发明了很多东西。

38、borrow, lend

borrow借入。如：Can I borrow your pen for a moment? lend把 借给。如：Can you lend me your bike? 39、bring/take/fetch/carry

bring (vt.)带来：表示从别处把某人或某物拿到说话者处。

成人学士学位英语考试复习资料(词汇、短词、阅读、作文)

take (vt.) 取走：表示将某物从讲话者处带走

fetch (vt.) 去取：表示到某地将某物或某人拿到讲话者处。 carry (vt.) 携带：表示用人力或交通工具把某物或某人，从一地带到另一地。该动词不含方向意味。

The ball went over the fence and one of the players asked a boy to fetch it. The city’s underground carries more people than the buses. You had better take an umbrella with you in case of rain. Waiter, bring me a bottle of beer please.

40、cause, reason

cause 指造成某一事实或现象的直接原因，后接of sth./doing sth reason用来解释某种现象或结果的理由，后接for sth./doing sth. the reason for being

late

41、chance, opportunity, occasion

chance多指偶然的机会，意外的机会，带有侥幸的意味。如：Even so, it was a lucky chance that he could do it.（即使如此，那也是他凭着侥幸才做到这点。）

opportunity主要指能够去做某事，尤其是达到自己目的，实现某种愿望的好机会。如：You should make the most of your opportunities of seeing the country and learning the language.（你应该尽量利用你的机会去看看这个国家，学习它的语言。）

occasion主要指“时机”，“场合”，也含有“机会”的意思。如：The flags are hung

out on the occasion of the National Day.（每逢国庆节，国旗都悬持出来了。） 42、childish, childlike

childish幼稚的。如：It was very childish of him to lose his temper over something so unimportant.

childlike孩子般天真的。如：When she won the gold medal, there was childlike smile on her face.

43、cloth, clothing

cloth布。如：I need three yards of cloth to make a suit.

clothing衣服（总称）。如：You’d better give all the old clothing away. 44、compare with; compar to; compared with／to

Ø compare with意为“把 与 相比”，侧重指两者间的区别。

如：Compare this car with that one, and you will find the differences between them． 把这辆汽车与那辆汽车相比较，你就会发现它们之间的区别。 Ø compare to 意为“把 比作 ”，着重注意两者间的相似点。如：

This song compares our country to a big family．这首歌把我们的国家比作一个大家庭。 Ø compare既可以单独用作及物动词，也可用作不及物动词。用作不及物动词时，以compare with 形式出现，表示“与 相比”。如：

Living here can’t compare with living in Shanghai．在这儿生活不能和在上海（生活）相比。

If you compare the two words， you can tell the difference between them． 如果你比较这两个单词，你就会辨别出它们之间的不同。

成人学士学位英语考试复习资料(词汇、短词、阅读、作文)

Ø compared with 和compared to 都可用作状语，意义基本相同，可互换。如： Compared to／with him， you are lucky． 与他相比，你是幸运的。

It was a small town then， compared to／with what it is now． 和现在比起来，那时它还是个小镇。

45、compose, consist, constitute

compose为常用词，常用被动语态，如用主动语态，主语应用复数形式。如：Twelve men compose a jury.（十二人组成陪审团。）

consist表一个整体由几个部分组成（只能用主动语态）。如：The United Kingdom consists of Great Britain and Northern Island.（联合王国是由大不列颠及北爱尔兰组 成。） constitute为正式用词，与consist相反，表由哪些部分构成整体。如：Twelve months constitute a year.（一年有十二个月。） 46、 considerable, considerate

considerable相当多的，可观的。如：He met a considerable amount of trouble.（他遇到了许多麻烦。）

considerate 考虑周到的，体谅的。如：It was considerate of you not to trouble us.（你真体贴人，不打扰我们。）

47、 consistent, constant, continual, continuous

consistent一致的，符合的。如：His action is always consistent with his words. constant不断的，表示持续和惯常的重现，往往没有变化。如：He attributes his health to his constant exercise.

continual频频的，不停的，时断时续，中间可有间歇。如：Continual smoking is bad for health. continuous不断延伸的，连续不断的，强调中间无间断。如：Everything in the universe undergoes continuous development and change.

48、cost/take/spend/pay

cost (vt.)花费：指花费金钱、劳力和时间。主语通常是事或物，可跟双宾语。 take (vt.) 花费：指花费时间。主语通常是一件事，也可以跟双宾语。 spend (vt.) 花费：指花费时间和金钱，主语总是人。可以形成spend on sth./in doing sth. 结构。

pay (vt.&vi.) 付钱，后面可以跟双宾语，也可以当不及物动词使用，形成pay for sth.结构。比较：

Electricity will cost more than it did last year. It will take me two days to finish the work.

In the past few years the factory spent a lot of money improving its working

conditions.

Dick’s uncle has to pay for his education as his father has come down in the world.

49、 crack, crash

成人学士学位英语考试复习资料(词汇、短词、阅读、作文)

crack（使）破裂，砸开。如：I can crack it, but I can’t break it. （我能把它弄裂，但不能把它弄破。）

crash摔坏，坠毁。如：The plane crashed short …… 此处隐藏：3899字，全部文档内容请下载后查看。喜欢就下载吧 ……