一氧化碳报警器设计 - 软件设计

东南大学成贤学院毕业设计报告（论文）

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东南大学成贤学院毕业设计报告

摘要

随着社会的进步和人们生活水平的提高，煤气或天然气已经成为多数家庭的燃料，由于煤气泄露和使用天然气不当而引起的火灾给人们的生命财产安全带来了极大的隐患。防止煤气中毒与爆炸已成为人们的迫切需要，为此，我们设计了一种一氧化碳报警器。

鉴于单片机AT89S52具有高集成度等优点，我们设计了一种基于AT89S52的一氧化碳报警器。该报警器对一氧化碳（CO）进行实时控制，当一氧化碳的浓度超过允许值时进行报警。为了提高系统的灵敏度和准确性，系统采用了一种十分稳定的传感器MQ-7。该传感器将置于测试环境中待测气体的浓度转换为模拟电压，再由模/数转换器ADC0809将模拟电压转换为数字信号，然后送入单片机AT89S52中进行处理。本设计正是实现ADC0809与AT89S52单片机的有机结合。此外还结合存储器AT24C02、液晶显示器LCD1602分别对检测数据进行存储和显示。

关键词：一氧化碳；单片机；报警器；传感器；模数转换器；存储器；液晶显示器

I

东南大学成贤学院毕业设计报告

Abstract

With the social progress and the improvement of people's living standards, gas or natural gas has become the fuel of most families, the fire caused due to the gas leaking and the improper use of natural gas has brought great risks to people's lives and property. To prevent gas poisoning and explosions have become the urgent needs of the people, for which we developed a carbon monoxide alarm.

In view of the MCU AT89S52 has the advantages of high integration, we develop and design a carbon monoxide alarm based on it. The alarm does a real-time control on carbon monoxide (CO), and alarms when the carbon monoxide concentration exceeds the allowable value. In order to improve the sensitivity and accuracy of the system, the system uses a very stable sensor MQ-7. The sensor will convert the concentrations of the gas, which is in the test environment, to analog voltage. And afterwards the analog voltage will be converted to a digital signal through the Analog to Digital Converter ADC0809, and then processed in the microcontroller AT89S52. This design is just to achieve the organic combination of the ADC0809 and AT89S52 microcontroller. In addition, the design also combines the memory AT24C02, LCD monitor LCD1602 to respectively storage and display the detection data.

Key words：Carbon monoxide; MCU; Alarm; Sensor; Analog to Digital Converter；Memory; LCD monitor

II

东南大学成贤学院毕业设计报告

目录

摘要 ............................................................................................................................................ I Abstract ...................................................................................................................................... II 第一章 绪论............................................................................................................................... 1

1.1 课题背景和意义 ............................................................................................................ 1 1.2 应用前景....................................................................................................................... 1 1.3 一氧化碳报警器的概述.................................................................................................. 2 1.4 本次课题设计的目的 ..................................................................................................... 2 1.5 本次设计的主要任务 ..................................................................................................... 2 第二章 器件介绍........................................................................................................................ 3

2.1 AT89S52单片机介绍 ...................................................................................................... 3

2.1.1 主要性能 ............................................................................................................. 3 2.1.2 与其它单片机相比的优缺点 ................................................................................. 4 2.1.3 端口功能 ............................................................................................................. 4 2.2 一氧化碳传感器介绍 ..................................................................................................... 5

2.2.1 传感器的定义和作用............................................................................................ 5 2.2.2 传感器的分类 ...................................................................................................... 6 2.2.3 传感器的发展趋势 ............................................................................................... 6 2.2.4 一氧化碳气体传感器MQ－7介绍 ........................................................................ 7 2.3 模数转换器ADC0809介绍 ............................................................................................ 8

2.3.1 内部结构 ............................................................................................................. 8 2.3.2 引脚功能 ............................................................................................................. 9 2.3.3 工作过程 ............................................................................................................10 2.3.4 特性参数 ............................................................................................................10 2.3.5 ADC0809转换结束信号的处理 ............................................................................10 2.4 存储器AT24C02 介绍........................................... …… 此处隐藏：7360字，全部文档内容请下载后查看。喜欢就下载吧 ……