美国文学史及选读2复习笔记(4)

然后把这些作品汇集到一起，于是便组成了一个令人兴奋的文学大世界，他坚持无私地扶持那些刚入道，没什么影响，而他认为有前途的文学艺术家，最为重要的可能就是他给T·S·爱略特的帮助了he was a prolific essayist for the little magazines of New York, London, Paris, which then constituted a large and exciting literary world. He unselfishly and persistently championed the experimental and often unpopular artists. Most important of all, perhaps, was the advice and encouragement which he gave to T·S· Eliot.

2. 庞德和爱略特的作品都要求他们的读者熟悉古典作品，包括意大利和英国文艺复兴时期的作品，特别是欧洲

大陆地区文学，包括法国象征主义，庞德保持了作品的艰深晦涩风格 both Pound and Eliot required of their readers a familiarity with the classics, the productions of Italian and English Renaissance,, and specialized areas of Continental literature, including the works of the French symbolists. Pound’s continued to draw fundamentally upon his formidably recondite culture.

3. 《向塞克斯图·普罗佩提多斯致敬》”Homage to Sextus Propertius”; 《人物》（或《面具》）”Personae” or “Masks”;

1920年《休·赛尔温·毛伯利》被看作是有关一战战争实质的讽刺类代表作”Hugh Selwyn Mauberley”, considered as a satire of the materialistic forces involved in World WarⅠ;

1917年开始创作《诗集》，截止1959年总首数已达109首，有点象但丁的《神曲》，也是由三个部分组成，结构较为松散，作品中的主人公是喜剧性的人而不是神，他认为人类文明的毁灭主要是由于人类的三个时期，即上古时期、复兴时期和现代时期缺乏信用所至 ”The Cantos”, began in 1917, by 1959, the numbered 109 poems. The progressive series, exceeding the proposed limit of one hundred poems, are loosely connected cantos, like Dante’s “Divina Commedia” in three sections, but representing a comedy human, not divine, dealing with the wreck of civilizations by reason of the infidelity of mankind in the three epochs-the ancient world, the Renaissance, and the modern period.

4. 二战期间，庞德代表意大利政府，运用广播形式对美国军队进行强烈的谴责。回国后作为美国公民，他因叛

国罪而遭起诉，但法庭审查时，被判无罪。1958年叛国起诉撤消后，又返回意大利，1972年在判去世during World War Ⅱ, Pound, on behalf of the Italian government, conducted radio broadcasts beamed at the American troops. He was returned to the United States as a citizen accused of treason, but on examination he was declared insane. After the treason charges were dismissed in 1958, Pound returned to Italy, where he died in 1972. 5. 教材作品：《一台古钢琴》：”A Virginal”

《再次致意》：”Salutation the Second” 《合同》：”A Pact”

《地铁站台》”In a Station of the Metro” 《长干行》”The River-Merchant’s Wife: A Letter”

二、Edwin Arlington Robison埃德温·阿林顿·罗宾逊1869-1935

1. 他是二十世纪最多产的美国新一代诗人之一。罗宾逊以律诗的形式，以这个小镇为背景创作了一部名叫《蒂

尔伯里小镇》的诗集，随后他出生的加德纳镇也因此而改名为蒂尔伯里 one of the most productive of the new poets of the 20th century. Gardiner later became “Tilbury Town”, the title of an early collection of Robinson’s poetry, and the background for a series of vivid character sketches in verse.

2. 罗宾逊是在凄凉和贫穷之中开始自己的诗歌创作，走上他的诗人之路的，他居住在纽约环境最差的地方，平

时靠打零工来维持生活 Robison began his career as a poet in bleakness and poverty. He lived in difficult circumstances in New York City, working at various odd jobs. 西奥多·罗斯福总统得知他生活艰难情况后，于1905年把他安排在纽约一个海关开始担任一个小职员The President, Theodore Roosevelt, learning of the poet’s difficulties, in 1905 gave Robinson a clerk’s job in the customhouse in New York. 3. 1904年《克雷格舰长》”Captain Craig”

4. 1922, 1925, 1928年连续三次获得普利策文学奖he was honored with the Pulitzer Prize in …..

《理查·珂利》、《米尼弗·契维》是他现实主义创作取向的较好范例“Richard Cory” and “Miniver Cheevy” are good example of his realistic attitudes.

《本·琼生招待一个来自斯特拉福德的朋友》是一部关于莎士比亚性格特点的一个精彩评论“Ben Jonson Entertains a Man from Stratford” a brilliant commentary on Shakespeare’s character.

《默林》、《兰斯洛特》及《特拉斯特拉姆》是关于亚瑟王故事作品，从隐藏在人性中的缺点和阴暗面进行了深刻剖析，得出圆桌骑士团的衰落直至灭亡的原因 “Merlin”, “Lancelot”, “Tristram” were about Arthurian legends. Robinson typically explored the dark, hidden faults in human character that led to the decline and fall of

the Round Table.

5. 教材作品：《山上的古屋》：”The House on the Hill”

《理查·珂利》：”Richard Cory” 《米尼弗·契维》：”Miniver Cheevy”

三、Robert Frost罗伯特·弗洛斯特1874-1963

1. 在去世时弗洛斯特已成为了美国民族诗人的翘首，曾四次获得普利策奖，美国国会还通过了庆祝他生日的一

个议案。在他87岁高龄时，在美国总统约翰·F·肯尼迪的就职仪式中，他还念了自己的一首诗歌by the end of his life he had become a national bard; he won four Pulitzer Prizes; the United States Senate passed resolutions honoring his birthdays, and when he was eighty-seven he read his poetry at the inauguration of President John F· Kennedy. 2. 1912年决定闯荡文坛，航海到英国，1913年在伦敦出版了第一本诗集《小男孩的意志》in 1912 he decided to

venture everything on a literary career. He sailed for England. 1913, in London, his first book “A Boy’s Will” was published.

3. 1914年第二部诗集《波士顿以北》，后回美国a second volume of poems “North of Boston”, then Frost returned.

1916年《山陵》”Mountain Interval” 1923年《新罕布什尔》”New Hampshire” 1928年《小河西流》”West-Running Brook” 1936年《又一片农场》”A Further Range” 1942年《智慧树》”A Witness Tree” 1947年《绒毛锈线菊》“Steeple Bush” 1962年《空旷地》”In the Clearing”

4. 弗洛斯特反对当时的许多诗歌改革原则，相反奉行“旧瓶装新酒”的原则，采用旧形式来表达新内容，他采

用新英格兰乡村的朴实用语，特别偏好传统的抒情类和叙事类，短小精悍的格式，作为一个自然主义诗人，很明显， …… 此处隐藏：5969字，全部文档内容请下载后查看。喜欢就下载吧 ……