英文写作手册中文翻译(8)

在考虑哪些中文词汇与要用的英语单词相对应时，必须谨慎。 IV．Idioms 四、习惯用语

Refined and sanctified by long usage, idioms have been described as the crystallization of language. Without idioms our language would become dull and dry, whereas an appropriate use of them in our speech and writing will add to the strength and vividness posed of few words, contain an extremely profound and rich meaning; for another most idioms carry a vivid image.

历经久远的提炼和升华，习惯用语已被形容为语言结晶。若没有习惯用语，我们的语言将变得单调而枯燥。而恰当地在演讲和写作中应用它们，会增添说服力，构成生动的一些话，包含极其深远而丰富的内涵；另一方面，大多数习惯用语包含一个生动的比喻。

An idiom is a fixed group of words with a special meaning which is different from the meanings of the words that form it. To “read a book”, for instance, is not an idiom, for the meaning of the phrase is the meanings of the three words put together, and “a book” can be replaced by other words like “a newspaper” or “a magazine”. To “read between the lines” is different. The four words that form the idiom give no hint as to what it means and none of the words can be changed to form another understandable phrase.

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习惯用语是一个有特殊含义的固定词组，含义和字面不同。例如“read a book（读一本书）”不是一个习惯用语，因为这个词组的意思是将三个词的含义合为一体。“a book（一本书）”可换成其他词如“a newspaper（一份报纸）”或 “a magazine（一本杂志）”。“read between the lines（体会言外之意）”则不同，四

个词构成的习惯用语，暗示的含义不是字面意思，不能换词，那会构成另一种可理解的词组形式。

English is rich in idioms. The following types of idioms are most common:

英语包含丰富的习惯用语，以下是最常见的类型： 1.Phrasal verbs短语动词

put up with turn out look forward to 容忍 生产，出动 期待 carry on come across 继续、执行 碰到，遇到 2．N.+prep.+n.名词+介词+名词