第七节 分译法

第七节 分译法

分译division／splitting

把原文句子中的个别词、短语或从句分离出来，单独译出，自成短句，或使原文的一个句子分译成两个或两个以上的句子。例如： For a further explanation of examination-dreams I have to thank a remark made by a colleague who had studied this subject, who once stated,

A movie of me leaving that foxhole would look like a shell leaving a rifle．

A movement of me leaving that foxhole would look like a shell leaving a rifle．

我离开那个单人掩体速度之快，要是拍成电影的话，会像出膛的子弹一样。(名词译成

小句)

Alchemists made resultless efforts to transform one metal into another．

炼金术士企图把一种金属转变成另一种金属，这完全是徒劳的。(形容词译成小句。)

His failure to observe the safety regulations resulted in an accident to the machinery．

That he failed to observe the safety regulations resulted in an accident to the machinery．

Concise Conciseness

因为他没有遵守安全规则，机器出了故障。(名词短语译成子句。)

The west for a century dirt-farm poor and ignored by the more industrialized eastern provinces of Ontario and Ouebec that control Canada has lately begun to sway the nation?s entire economic structure．

一个世纪以来，加拿大西部是贫困的小农经济地区。工业化程度较高、左右全国的东部省份安大略和魁北克曾对它不屑一顾。但最近以来，西部地区对加拿大的整个经济结构已产生影响。(长句分译成三小句。)

分译法主要用于长句的翻译。为了使译文忠实、易懂，有时不得不把一个长句译成两句或更多的句子。division作为一种翻译技巧，

它除了指句子分译外，还包括某些词语意义的分译。

一、单词分译：提起分译法这一技巧，一般都指句子分译，很少有著家谈及单词分译。伍华民曾发表一篇文章，题为《文学翻译中的单词分译》，现摘引其有关部分(略有删改)。

(一)单词词义分译：英语有些单词的语义呈综合型，即一个词内集合了几个语义成分。译成汉语时，不易找到合适的对等词，很难将其词义一下全部表达出来。这种情况下，汉译可采用分析型，即“扩展”型的方法分译原语，将其语义成分分布到几个不同的词语上。例如：

Donald, who made his fortune as the

proud creator of a plastic flamingo, a popular garden ornament in the United States, says he or Nancy will even convert some of their clothes into polishing cloths if the other person?s identical outfit is no longer wearable.

唐纳德靠制作朔料的火烈鸟发了财----他为之自豪；这种产品在美国是很受欢迎的花园装饰品。他说，如果他们俩人中有谁的衣服不能再穿了，另一个甚至会把自己相配的那一条拆了做抹布。

…that little pink-faced chit Amelia with not half any sense，has ten thousand pounds and an establishment secure，…

……爱米丽亚那粉红脸儿的小不点儿，还