河西走廊特色农业发展研究 修改

河西走廊特色农业发展研究

提 要

我国农业主要农产品已经基本达到需求量与供给量的大体平衡，并且丰年有余。随着人们生活水平的提高，人们食品结构也发生了变化，副食、肉食和水果比例不断的提高，所以，改变长期以来单一的粮食种植，转变农牧产品结构、优化品种、提高质量、增加农业生产的比较效益，大力发展特色农业成为我国农业发展的主要方向。河西走廊在汉代进行开发以来，成为我国重要的农业灌溉区和商品粮基地。但随着我国农业发展的要求和人们对农牧产品需求的变化，以及国际农业发展的宏观背景，必须适应我国农牧发展的基本要求，不断

发展特色农业，这对河西走廊农业的可持续发展具有重大的意义。

近年来，河西走廊依靠具有丰富的土地草地资源、适宜的气候条件、良好的特色产业基础使特色农业得到了长足的发展。但水资源短缺、自然灾害严重、区位劣势、生态环境恶化也成为发展特色农业严重的制约。为了使区内特色产业健康发展，必须从建立合理的产业定位及布局、加快农业体制机制创新、加强特色农业基地建设、拓宽农业投融资渠道、强化农业科技支撑、促进农业精深加工等方面采取措施。 关键词：河西走廊 特色农业 潜力及对策 阳关模式

Summary

Animal husbandry of our country farming the main agricultural products have basically reached the demand and supply and the general balance, good year is superabundant. With the improvement of people's living standard, people food structure has also changed, non-staple food, meat and fruit ratio continues to increase, so, change the long-standing single grain cultivation, transformation of farming herd product structure, optimize breed, improve quality, increase farming animal husbandry production compares beneficial result, develop characteristic farming animal husbandry energetically become me the main direction of the development of our country agriculture. Hexi Corridor in the Han Dynasty developed since, become our country's important commodity grain base and agricultural irrigation area. But along with the our country farming animal husbandry development and the people to the farming and animal husbandry products demand changes, and the international agricultural development in the macro background, must get used to our country agriculture and animal husbandry development of the basic requirements, and constantly develop characteristic agriculture in the Hexi Corridor, the farming

and animal husbandry sustainable development is of great significance.

In recent years, relying on the rich land of Hexi Corridor grassland resources, appropriate climate condition, good characteristics of industrial base so that the characteristic farming animal husbandry obtained the considerable development. But the shortage of water resources, serious natural disasters, locational disadvantage, the deterioration of the ecological environment has become the development characteristics of agriculture and animal husbandry seriously. In order to make the area characteristic industry health develops, must from build reasonable industrial orientation and layout, accelerate farming animal husbandry system mechanism innovation, strengthen the characteristics of agriculture and animal husbandry base construction, widen agricultural investment and financing channels, strengthen farming animal husbandry science and technology to support, promote farming animal husbandry is profound treatment measures.

Key words: Hexi Corridor characteristic farming animal husbandry potentialities and Countermeasures

第一章 绪论 1.1 选题背景

二十世纪50年代，特色农业在美国、日本、英国、法国等发达国家为了促进农业发展，紧紧依靠区域的农业发展的土地、气候等资源，面向市场，发展特色农业，在实践中取得了巨大的成功。日本的一村一品、韩国的新农村建设、美国的特色农产品区域连片开发都取得了巨大的效益，实现了农业由传统农业向现代农业的转变。

我国在二十世纪90年代初，农产品市场开始进入买方市场，农产品的过剩问题困扰着农业发展，农牧民增产不增收，为了解决这一问题，我国沿海的山东、福建、广东等地区开始探索农业的转型，把农业产业化作为农业发展的基本方向，开始建设现代农业。经过20多年发展，我国农业已经进入了新的发展阶段，农业综合生产能力大幅度提高，农产品供给己由过去的短缺进入了相对的全面过剩，而市场化程度的提高，也使农业发展由原来的受资源约束变成了受资源和市场的双重约束，农民增收难度加大。同时，我国农民较多，在相当长的时期内，他们的大量从业空间和收入渠道还不可能与农业脱离，在这样的现实下，发展特色农业就自然而然地形成了调整农业和农村经济结构进而增加农民收入的一个重要环节。

从二十一世纪开始，在国家政策引导、农牧民自觉和市场需求刺激下，我国各地掀起了开发区域特色农产品、发展特色农业的热潮。目前，我国特色农业发展已初具规模，出现了许多闻名全国的名特优