!加精啦！ISSUE分类高频提纲

Issue 分类题库

作者：孙远 来源：新东方

第一类：政治类：

1. 政治本身

97. \is unfortunate but true that political decisions and activities affect all aspects of people's lives.\

195. \should not be the pursuit of an ideal, but rather the search for common ground and reasonable consensus.\

89. \

2. 政府与人民(领导与被领导的人直接的关系)：

45.\out the will of the people whom they serve.\

a) b) c) d)

Government officials have more insights and are capable to fully evaluate a specific problem in the long run. // the purchase of Alaska

Government officials have the responsibility to form the judgment according to their evaluation of the situation. It is just such responsibility which endow them power.

Public will could be instrumental in forming more precise and comprehensive judgment. Different people are representative of their own interest, public as a whole can have a comprehensive representation of the interest of different group

The fundamental of democracy require that the public view should be taken into consideration by the government officials.

79.\to politicians and other government experts, who are more informed and thus have better judgment and perspective than do members of the general public.\

160.\most essential quality of an effective leader is the ability to re main consistently committed to particular principles and objectives. Any leader who is quickly and easily influenced by shifts in popular opinion will accomplish little.\

202.\great thinkers and great artists, the most effective political leaders must often yield to public opinion and abandon principle for the sake of compromise.\

a) b) c) d)

Public opinion is instrumental for the political leaders to make a better solution.

For the most effective leader, the public opinion should be evaluated instead of absorbed unconditionally. Unconditionally abandoning principle for the sake compromise, will undermine the authority of the political leader, thus greatly render them ineffective when carry out governmental actions.

For the sake of maintaining authority and fulfill their responsibility, the political leader should not bend to the public opinion too often. Any public opinion should be thoroughly investigated before absorbed.

105.\to tolerate challenges from its own citizens.\

142.\ 【Position】:尽管质疑权威有时候会引起社会不安定，适当的质疑有利于社会健康发展。

a) b)

科学上，对权威的质疑有利于新理论，新发现的产生哥白尼，日心说。魏格纳质疑原有理论提出板块漂移。

在社会领域，适度的质疑揭露社会问题并且让人们团结起来去改变现状从而使社会进步。比如质疑men dominance的women right运动，推动了Equal Pay Act,19th宪法修正案保护妇女right to vote,等妇女权利保护的立法，提高了妇女地位，是社会的进步。

恶意的，非法的质疑会扰乱社会秩序，骚乱，恐怖主义

公众的质疑有利于社会的进步，但这种质疑不能超越法律的界限。

c) d)

8. \public.\

a)

It is always impossible for the political leaders to reveal everything to the public, especially some the information which can affect the national security. Different nations are competing and even antagonistic. Revealing some information could has no help for the solution but poses negative impact on the stability of a country. Unidentified illness

Withholding information should not be the excuse for political leaders to abuse their power. Withholding information at their will could provide the chance of corruption,

在不威胁国家安全，社会稳定情况下，政府行为应该尽可能透明，接受监督。

1

b) c)

167.\

honesty is not a useful virtue for a politician.\

1. 2. 3.

诚实坦白对每个人来说都是美德。对于政治家，能够树立良好的公众形象，赢得公民的赞赏和支持。例如Lincoln家里很贫寒，他在竞选的时候丝毫没有掩饰自己的贫穷，赢得了下层阶级people from low class的支持； 为了保证国家的利益和安全，也应当说谎。如：使民众安心。不能complete forthright

但就长远来说，A 正直的人品才能真正获得民众的支持和信任如：Gandhi, Martin Luther King B政治家们过分的欺骗民众会导致人民不相信政府并导致不满，并最终导致灾难性的后果。

3. 法律：

17.\are two types of laws: just and unjust. Every individual in a society has a responsibility to obey just laws and, even more importantly, to disobey and resist unjust laws.\

a) b) c) d)

在民主社会中，法律的作用是。但是法律有时候可以被认为是just和unjust的。

对于不同的利益群体来说。比如污染环境的工厂，环境保护法要求进行污染治理，增加的成本造成工资下降和失业，工人利益因为法律而受到损害，认为法律unjust，而周围的居民则认为法律是just

对不同文化背景和宗教背景的人来说。比如刚移民到美国的亚洲人，也许在教育孩子时有点暴力是可以的，但是当地人肯定认为这是家庭暴力。被法律惩罚的亚洲父母认为法律是unjust

但是法律不仅仅规定了行为，还给了合法的途径去改变，废除法律。如果disobey和resist，只能降低法律权威和造成非理智的冲突，危害社会稳定，举刚才工厂的例子，村民与工人的冲突。

174.\of various circumstances, times, and places.\

【Position】: Laws are not carved in stone, but must reflect the changing needs of a society, at the same time laws should to be comparatively stable in its basic spirit.

a)

科技经济在不断的发展，新的技术和新的经济行为需要法律做出适当的修改，来保护人们的利益。//反垄断法，反对克隆的法律，antitrust law， Nineteen European nations on January 12, 1998, approved the first binding international treaty prohibiting the cloning of human beings.

社会在发展，道德标准也在变化，法律必须做出修改以适应新的社会.//美国宪法的修正案，妇女权利黑人权利的保护，Lincoln enacted the law to entitle equal rights to the blacks with the whites.

但法律的基本精神和框架短时间内不能变化，否则会破坏社会的正常运作，也降低了法律的权威。//把汽车形式方向突然改变，造成多少交通事故，人们对国家的不信任

b) c)

178.\cannot reform human nature. Laws cannot chang …… 此处隐藏：12164字，全部文档内容请下载后查看。喜欢就下载吧 ……