状语从句(完整归纳)

高中 英语 语法 句型

状语从句

一． 分类：

when (当……的时候) while (在……期间) as (当……的时候, 一边……一边……)

before (在……之前) since (自从……以来) till/until (直到) hardly…when… (刚……就)

as soon as (一……就……) after (在……之后) not…till/until（直到……才） no sooner…than…(刚……就)

高中 英语 语法 句型

地点状语从句： where (在那里) wherever(无论哪里)

原因状语从句： because (因为) since (因为，既然) as (由于) for (为了) now that（既然）

目的状语从句： （so）that=in order that（以便） so as （not） to （ 以便[不]） in case（以免） lest（以免） 结果状语从句： so+adj./adv.+that（如此……以致） so that（结果……）

such+n.+that（如果……以致） that（所以，因此）

让步状语从句：though/although不可同but连用。

though/although （虽然） however （可是） even though（即使） even if （即使）

no matter+what/which/where/who/when =whatever/whichever/wherever/whoever/whenever

（不论什么/哪一个/哪里/谁/何时）

比较状语从句：as （正如） as…as（和……一样） not as/so … as （不如……） than（比……更）

the+比较级…+the+比较级 （越……越……）

条件状语从句：if（假设） unless（如果不） so long as（只要） on condition that （如果）

方式状语从句：as（像……那样地） just as（正像） as if（好像） as though（好像）

二． 各种状语从句的简化方法：

1 例：After she sang，she left the rich man's house． = After singing，she left the rich man's house．

2． 以as soon as引导的状语从句的主语若与主句主语一致时，从句等于on+doing sth.,作状语，此时的动词为非延续性动词。

例：Mary began to operate on the wounded soldiers as soon as he arrived at the village．

= Mary began to operate on the wounded soldiers on arriving at the village．

3． 时间状语从句和条件状语从句的主语和主句主语一致时，有时可简化为不定式作状语。

例：She stopped when she saw her husband． = She stopped to see her husband．

If you want to understand the farmers，you must go to the countryside．

= To understand the farmers，you must go to the countryside．

4． 结果状语从句和目的状语从句的主语与主句主语一致时，可以简化为不定式作状语；若两者主语不一致时，则应简化为不定式的复合结构作状语。

例：He was so tied that he couldn't go any further．= He was too tied to go any further．

I came here so that I could ask some questions．= I came here(in order) to ask some questions．

5． 以when，while引导的时间状语从句和以if引导的条件状语从句的主语若与主句主语一致时，从句等于when/while/if +doing sth.作状语，表示谓语动作发生在该状语动作的进行过程之中。

例：When he turned on the radio，he found it broken．= When turning on the radio，he found it broken．

While she was walking along the street，she was hit by a car．= While walking along the street，she was hit by a car．

6． 原因状语从句的主语与主句主语一致时，可简化为分词短语作状语。

例：Since l didn't know Chinese，I tried to speak to her in English．= Not knowing Chinese，I tried to speak to her in English．

注意：形容词短语也可作表示原因的状语，来代替原因状语从句，放在句首、句末均可，但一般应加逗号。 例：As he was thirsty and eager to get a little rest，he went into the tea-house．

= Thirsty and eager to get a little rest，he went into the tea-house．

7． 在时间、原因、条件等状语从句中，若从句和主句主语不一致时，可简化为分词复合结构作状语。有时也可简化为“with/without名词或代词十分词(短语)”形式作状语。

例：When the film start appeared, the children got exited．= The film start appearing，the children got exited．

高中 英语 语法 句型

If all the work is done, you can have a rest．= With all the work done，you can have a rest．

Nothing can live if there is no air．= Nothing can live without air．

8． 让步状语从句的主语与主句主语一致时，可简化为分词短语作状语；不一致时，常简化为with或in spite of

介词短语作状语。

例：Although he faced his death，he didn't say anything before the enemy．

= Facing the death，he didn't say anything before the enemy.

Although there was danger，he rushed out to carry the boy to safety．

= In spite of danger，he rushed out to carry the boy to safety．

三．表示"一…就…"的结构

hardly/scarcely when/before, no sooner than 和as soon as都可以表示"一 就 "的意思， 例：I had hardly / scarcely got home when it began to rain. I had no sooner got home than it began to rain.

As soon as I got home, it began to rain.

注意：如果hardly, scarcely 或no sooner置于句首，句子必须用倒装结构：

Hardly / Scarcely had I got home when it began to rain. No sooner had I got home than it began to rain.

四．As引导的让步状语从句的倒装：

1．形容词+as+主语+系动词：

例：Tired as he is, he offers to help me. 尽管他已经很累了，他还是主动提出帮助我。

2．过去分词+as+主语+系动词：

例：Well-known as the book is, the author is not satisfied and prepared to revise it.尽管这本书写得很好,作者还是不满意并打算修改它。

3．名词+as+主语+系动词：

例：Student as he is, he does not study hard. 他虽然是个学生，但却不努力学习。

4．副词+as+主语+谓语部分：

例：Much as I admire his courage, I don’t think he acted wisely. 我虽然钦佩他的勇气，但我认为他这样做是不明智的。

5．动词原形+as+主语+谓语的剩余部分：

例：Try as you will，you won’t be able to persuade him. 不管你怎么努力，你都说服不了他。