英语语法精要_第18讲_状语从句

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英语语法

状语从句

Jackliu

2011年7月1日第18讲

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状语从句

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状语从句

状语从句在句中作状语，可修饰句中的动词、形容词、副词。状语从句由从属连词所引导。状语从句位置可以在句首也可以在句末。放在句首时，从句后面常用一逗号。状语从句根据含义可以分为：时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、方式、让步、条件等八种。

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时间状语从句引导词有：when, as, while, after, before, as soon as, since, till, until, whenever. When the air moves, it is called wind.

As the boys walked along the lake, they sang merrily. You have changed much since last we met.

While同时发生的伴随动作，延续的动作或状态，主句从句都为延续动作时，不用when, as.两个动作同时发展变化时用as，作随着…

While Peter was reading, his wife was cooking. As she got older, she got wiser.

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Instantly, immediately, directly, the day, every time, the minute, the second, the moment等。 Immediately he arrived, he started describing us what had happened.

The day he returned home, his grandpa was already dead.

地点状语从句引导词有：where, wherever. Wherever you plant things they generally grow. He was always ready to give help where help was needed.

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方式状语从句的引导词有:as, than, as…as, not as (so)…as, as if, as though, the more…the more, the way, how.

Africa is not as large as Asia.

The sooner, the better.

You may do as you please.

He made some changes as you had suggested.

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结果状语从句的引导词有：so that, so…that(如此，以致于),such…that…

The wind was so fierce that they could not continue the journey.

He overslept, that he was late for work.

They got such a fright that they dropped the bag and ran away.

So+形容词或副词+that, such+名词+that. It was so cold that we had to cancel the game. It’s such a good chance that we mustn’t miss it.

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原因状语从句引导词有because, since, now that, as，in that(在于), considering that

Now that everybody is here, let’s begin our discussion. As the weather was fine, we decided to climb the mountain.

Since he is busy, I won’t trouble him.

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in that(在于),表示原因与方面

I enjoy country life better in that the air and water are less polluted there.

Theory is valuable in that it can provide a direction for practice.（从句起解释说明作用）

Advertising is distinguished from other forms of communication in that the advertiser pays for the message to be delivered.

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目的状语从句

目的状语从句引导词有；that(以便)，so that，in order that, lest, in case, for fear that

They set out early (so) that they can arrive in time. Take an umbrella in case it rains.

In order that较正式，可以放于句首。So that只能放于句末。

In order that the grass and flowers could bloom again, we must remove the rocks.

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目的状语从句

So that 引导目的状语从句，一般从句会出现can, may, shall，从句可放在句首。so that引导结果状语从句只表示客观事实，从句的so that前常用逗号，从句只能放在句尾。

He left early so that he could catch the train.

He left early ,so that he caught the train.

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让步状语从句的引导词有：though, although, as(尽管), even if , even though, no matter…despite the fact that, in spite of the fact that ,while.

Though he was angry, he listened to me patiently. Hard as the conditions were, he continued his

experiment.

Even if you say so, I don’t believe it .

She will go no matter who tries to stop her.

Whatever, wherever, whoever, however,相当于no matter +疑问词。

Whatever he says, don’t believe him.

Whoever you are, you must obey the traffic

regulations.

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条件状语从句

条件状语从句引导词有：if, unless, suppose, supposing, provided, as long as, as (so), only if,

Suppose (supposing) he does not come, what shall we do?

He is sure to come unless he has some urgent business.

You can borrow it as long as you don’t treat it roughly. If you don’t come on time, we’ll start out without you. As long as you keep on trying, you’ll certainly succeed.

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条件状语从句

Providing that, provided, supposing that, suppose that, on condition that, in case等。 But that若不是

He would have helped us but that he was short of money at the time.