铁道车辆专业英语课文翻译(3)

withstand vibration generated by the axle and also due to the slow speed of the motor, resulting in large bogie mass and unsprung mass.

89.抱轴式悬挂装置体积重量大，增大了转向架的质量和簧下质量使得牵引速度下降，使得它能够抵挡轴所产生的振动。

90. 47.Bogies are classified into single-axle, two-axle, three-axle, etc., based on the number of axles.

91.The two-axle bogie is most common. In addition to its relatively

simple structure, it has the advantage of decreasing the impact of track irregularities on the railcar at the car suspension point, in comparison to the single-axle bogie which transmits the impact to the car directly .

92.由于转向架在两条钢轨上运行，所以其最基本的结构要素是一根车轴和两个轮子，车轮通常压装在车轴上按轴数分类，转向架可以分为单轴，两轴，三轴等。最常见的是两轴转向架。除了结构相对简单外，它还有减小轨道不平顺在轨道车辆悬挂点冲击的优点。而单轴转向架则将冲击直接传给车体。

93.48.Although the articulated bogie has some disadvantages, such as a complex structure, increased axle load due to the support of one body by one bogie, and difficult maintenance, it offers various

advantages including a lower centre of gravity, better ride comfort because car ends do not overhang bogies, and less effect of running noise on passengers because seats are not over bogies.

94.虽然铰接式转向架存在结构复杂，因为车体由一个转向架支撑使得轴重增加，维修困难的缺点，但也有重心低，运行舒适性好（因为车端没有悬挂在转向架上）和噪音影响小（因为座位不在转向架上）等诸多优点。

95.49.The suspension gear (bolster spring, traction transfer device, anti-yawing damper, and lateral damper) plays an important role in supporting the body, allowing the bogie to rotate relative to the car body on curves, isolating the body from vibration (including high harmonics) generated by the bogie, and transmitting traction force from the bogie to the body. For these purposes, the bolsterless bogie has air springs that permit large

horizontal displacement, as well as a traction transfer device (classified into permanent-link type, the Z-link

109.

type and laminated- rubber type) at the virtual rotational centre of the bogie for transmitting the tractive force to the car.

96.悬挂装置（中央弹簧，牵引装置，抗蛇形运动减震器和横向减震器）在车体支撑中起着重要的作用，它使得通过曲线时转向架能够相对车体转动，隔离转向架产生的振动和噪音，传递牵引力。为了实现这些功能，无摇枕转向架装有允许大水平变形的空气弹簧，还有设在转向架虚拟回转中心的牵引装置（包括半永久连接，Z型连接和层状橡胶三种），传递牵引力。

97.50.The axlebox was only allowed vertical movement,since it was restrained by two “horns”extending down from the underframe.

98.自从被底架下伸出的两导框所约束，轴箱只允许垂向振动。

99.51. This system was based on a steel plate framed bogie with laminated spring axlebox suspension, much as seen on the frist vehicles, and with a secondary suspension added between the car body and the bogie .

100.这种系统由装在构架上的叠板弹簧轴箱悬挂装置构成，这种系统在早期的车辆中比较多见，并在车体和转向架间有二系悬挂装置。

101.52 .The spring plank rests on bearer rods suspended between the swing links. This arrangement allows the spring plank to rock from said to said and it will act in

opposition to sideways movement of the bogie frame.

102.弹簧托板座在吊轴上，悬挂在摇枕吊环之间。这种组成装置的形式允许弹簧托板从一侧向另一侧摆动，可以限制转向架构架的侧向运动。

103.53 .It was recognized very early in the development of railways that the interface between vehicle body and wheel need some sort of cushion system to reduce the vibration felt as the train moved along the line.

104.在铁路发展早期，大家普遍认为：在车体和轮对的结合处需要安装一些缓冲装置来降低列车运行时的振动。

105.54.The spring consisted of a set of different length steel plates arranged with the longest at the top and the shortest at the base of the set. They were held together with a steel strap in the centre.This strap formed the point of contact with the axlebox.The laminations or” leave” of steel gave rise to the”leaf spring” name more commonly used today . They were also referred to as

“elliptical ” springs ,on account of the curved shape they often formed.

106.这个弹簧有着不同长度的钢板所组成，最长的在上面，最短的在下面。他们被钢带连接在一起。这个带子形成的点和轴箱相连接。一层层钢板叠起来放置形成的“叠板弹簧”这个名字在今天使用的更为普遍。由于形成的曲线形状，也别称为“椭圆弹簧”。

107.55.The secondary

suspension of the bogie is mounted crosswise in the centre, the bogie has a pair of transverse members called “transoms”. They are riveted or welded (depending on the design)to the bogie side frames,a steel”swing link ” is hung from each end of each transom and a spring plank is laid across the bogie between them,a said view of the bogie below shows the way the spring plank is supported by the swing links.

108.转向架的二系悬挂横向安装在中心。转向架有一对横向构件被称为“横梁”。他们被铆接或者焊接在转向架的侧架上，钢制摇枕吊环被悬挂在横梁的尾部，并且弹簧托板横穿在转向架和摇枕吊杆之间。从侧面看转向架下面，展示出来弹簧托板是如何被摇枕吊杆所支撑的。