动词时态和语态(高一)

高中英语语法（一）

动词的时态 和语态

1、一般现在时的用法

1) 经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频 度的时间状语连用。 时间状语： every…, sometimes, at…, on Sunday e.g.每天早上我七点离家上学。 I leave home for school at 7 every morning. 每天他骑车上班。 He cycles to work every day.

2) 客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。 e.g.地球绕着太阳转。 The earth moves around the sun. 上海位于中国的东部。 Shanghai lies in the east of China. 3) 表示格言或警句中。 e.g.Pride goes before a fall. 骄者必败。

注意：此两种用法如果出现在宾语从句中，

即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般 现在时。

例如：Columbus proved that the earth is round. 4) 现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。 e.g.安英语写得好但说得不好。 Ann writes good English but does not speak well.

知识扩展：一般现在时表将来或正在进行 1）下列动词：come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return的一般现在时表将来，主要指 按规定或计划好的将来的动作，常跟上时间 状语。 ---When will the train be off ? B --- It ____ at 3:15 p.m. A is leaving B leaves C has left D has been left

2）以here, there 开头的感叹句中用一般现 在时代替进行时表示瞬间动作。 Here comes the bus. = The bus is coming. There goes the bell. = The bell is ringing. 3）在时间或条件句中，用一般现在时表 将来。

The water will be further polluted unless B some measures _____ . A will be taken B are taken C were taken D had been taken 4）表示状态和感觉的动词。如：be, like, feel , hate , think , stay, sound , taste 等常用 一般现在时。 e.g. The news sounds good.

6) 在某些短语（make/be sure , make certain , look out , take care , see to it )的从 句中常用一般现在时表将来． e.g. You must make sure the door is closed before you leave the lab.

2.现在进行时

1)表示此时正在进行或发生的动作,或用以 描述一个频繁发生的动作.

e.g. The telephone is ringing. Would you answer it , please ? 2) 表示当前一段时间（或现阶段）正在进 行而此刻不一定正在进行的动作．句中常 有: these days , this week.

e.g. –Is this raincoat yours? A -- No , mine ___ there behind the door. A is hanging B has hung C hangs D hung

3) 位移动词用现在进行时表将来．通常有：

come, go , move , fly , leave , arrive e.g. He is leaving for Shanghai.

4) 句中有always, constantly, frequently, forever , 常用现在进行时表示一种感情色 彩或强调情况的暂时性． e.g. She is always helping others. 5) 按计划一般不易改变的动作，除了用一 般现在时，也可用现在进行时． e.g. The plane is leaving at 12 p.m.

6) 带有一种婉转的语气．

e.g. I’m hoping to get a letter from you soon.

I’m looking forward to hearing from you soon.

3.