研究生英语阅读教程(基础级2版)课文01及其翻译(3)

10. I learnt that there are no genuinely ______ animals in this area, all the animals were brought here from other places.

A. endangered B. domesticated (tamed) C. indigenous D. extinct

B. Choose the hest word or expression from the list given for each Honk Use each word or expression only once and make proper changes where necessary.

point up by and large take in descent for good or ill

leave aside crystal clear die out endanger lay... at the door of

1. The book concludes with a review of the possible impact (influence) of more intimate 2. Moreover, it had become clear from the opinion polls that the unpopularity of the new tax was being the government which had introduced it, rather than the local authorities who were responsible for levying and collecting it.

3. This case gave the example of breaking someone's arm: that is a really serious injury, but one 4. Many of those who hold it live in poor areas and some are Colored, that is (=i.e./ namely), of

5. This debate is important because

that "the facts" are not most of human life. [worn-out]

7. But since agriculture forms the basis (base) of our industry, it was, 8. Let us

factors such as education, career structure, pay and will not endanger the planet and its inhabitants. (habitat)

研究生英语阅读教程(基础级2版)课文及翻译

III. Cloze

There are ten blanks in the following passage. Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer from the four choices given for each blank. [(criterion) criteria: (1)semantic/

(2)grammatical]

A simplified form of the English language based on 850 key words was developed in the late 1920s by the English psychologist Charles Kay Ogden and by the English educator I. A. Richards. Known as Basic English, it was used mainly to teach English to non-English-speaking persons and The fundamental principle of Basic English was that any idea, to simple units of thought and expressed clearly by a limited number of everyday words. The 850-word primary vocabulary was 600 nouns (representing things or events), 150 adjectives (for qualities and ), and 100 general "operational" words, mainly verbs and prepositions. Almost all the words were in use in English-speaking countries. More than 60 percent of them were one-syllable words. The basic vocabulary was created by eliminating numerous words which have the same or similar meanings and by the use of 18 "basic" verbs, such as make, get, do, have, and be. These verbs were generally combined with prepositions, such as up, among, under, in, and forward. For example, a Basic English student would use the expression “go up”"ascend".

1. A. created B. publicized C. invented D. operated

2. A. proved B. provided C. projected D. promoted

3. A. advantages B. objections C. obstacles D. facileties

4. A. however B. whatever C. wherever D. whenever

5. A. comprised of B. made of C. composed of D. constituted of

6. A. personalities B. properties C. preferences D. perceptions/ perceive)

7. A. common B. ordinary C. average D. nonprofessional

8. A. in all B. at times C. for good D. in part/ partially)

9. A. experiencing B. exchanging C. excluding D. extending

10. A. in spite of =despite B. in favor of C. instead of D. in case of

II. Translation

Put the following passages into Chinese.

1. For English is a killer. It is English that has killed off Cumbric, Cornish, Norn and Manx. There are still parts of these islands where sizeable communities speak languages that were there before English. Yet English is everywhere in everyday use and understood by all or virtually all, constituting such a threat to the three remaining Celtic languages, Irish, Scottish Gaelic, and Welsh... that their long-term future must be considered... very greatly at risk.

因为英语是个杀手。正是英语造成了康瑞克、康尼施、诺恩、曼科斯等语言的消亡。在其中一部分岛上还有相当多的人使用在英语到来之前就已存在的语言。然而，英语在日常生

研究生英语阅读教程(基础级2版)课文及翻译

活中无处不在。所有的人或几乎所有的人都懂英语。英语对现存的凯尔特语——爱尔兰语、苏格兰盖尔语及威尔士语的威胁是如此之大，它们的未来岌岌可危。

2. He also associated such policies with a prejudice which he calls linguisticism (a condition parallel to racism and sexism). As Phillipson sees it, leading institutions and individuals within the predominantly "white" English-speaking world, have (by design or default) encouraged or at least tolerated—and certainly have not opposed—the hegemonic spread of English, a spread which began some three centuries ago as economic and colonial expansion.

同时，他认为这些政策和他称之为语言歧视（和种族歧视、性别歧视的情况类似）的偏见密切相关。在菲利普森看来，在以白人英语为主导的世界，最重要的机构和个人（有意或无意地）鼓励或者至少是容忍了（肯定没有反对）英语霸权主义式的传播。这种传播始于三个世纪之前的经济及殖民扩张。

3. By and large, we now view them as more or less benign, and often talk with admiration and appreciation about the cultures associated with them and what they have given to the world. And it is fairly safe to do this, because none of them now poses much of a threat.

总的来说，我们现在或多或少地把这些语言看作有利的语言。在谈到与之相关的文化及其为世界所做的贡献时，我们常怀有崇敬与赞赏，而且这样做也没有太大的风险，因为这些语言现在已不会构成什么威胁。

4. Yet many people see English as a blessing. Let me leave aside here the obvious advantages possessed by any world language, such as a large communicative network, a strong literary and media complex, and a powerful cultural and educational apparatus.

然而，许多人把英语看成是一件幸事。在此，我暂且不谈任何世界语言所具有的明显优势，例如广泛的通信网，强大的文化 …… 此处隐藏：5298字，全部文档内容请下载后查看。喜欢就下载吧 ……