verbal经典题库42详解(4)

quadrupedally, when they are on the ground. Scientists generally assume therefore that the last common ancestor of humans and chimpanzees (our closest living relative) was also a

quadrupted. Exactly when the last common ancestor lived is unknown, but clear indications

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31. of bipedalism, the trait that distinguishes ancient humans from other apes, are evident in the oldest known species of Australopithecus, which lived in Africa roughly four millions years ago. Bipedal apes are more evolutionarily advantaged than quadrupedal ones. C/ Bipedalism is the main trait that distinguishes ancient humans from Australopithecus. F Australopithecus is as closely related to ancient man as to the chimpanzee. F A new computer program can tell whether a book was written by a man or a woman. The simple scan of key words and syntax is about 80% accurate on both fiction and non-fiction. The program’s success seems to confirm the stereotypical perception of differences in male and female language use. Crudely put, men talk more about objects and women more about relationships. Female writers use more pronouns (I, you, she, myself), whilst males prefer words that identify or determine nouns (a, the, that) and words that quantify them (one, two, more). These differing styles have previously been called “involved” and “informational”, respectively. The algorithm within the program was initially trained on a few test cases to identify the most prevalent fingerprints of gender and of fiction and non-fiction. The algorithm can now be focused on new bodies of text. Strikingly, the distinctions between male and female writers are much the same as those that, even more clearly, differentiate non fiction-and fiction. The program can tell these two genres apart with 98% accuracy. Stereotypes are generally based on fact. C Women are more likely than men to adopt an “informational” style of written communication. F The program is more accurate at identifying the gender of the writer then the fiction or non-fiction content of the passage. F Sandford Group’s first end of year announcement since the takeover of SPX Inc placed much

emphasis on the period of extreme transformation and development undergone by the company. Emphasis was placed on the admirable way that its employees had steered the company through a turbulent six months, and subsequent benefits that were being reaped,

such as a steady growth of the Sandford brands in the marketplace. Whilst recognizing that the takeover had been undertaken as a way of increasing market share, rather than

improving efficiency, the announcement made much of the substantial yet somewhat unintended cost reductions that had taken place. This was explained by the swift

introduction of SPX’s computer systems which permitted a Group headcount cut and also the subletting of surplus office space. The time since takeover has not always been easy for Sandford. T (six months) The takeover achieved more for the company than was initially planned. T The performance of the Sandford brands was poor prior to the takeover（在takeover之前

市场表现差） . C

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34. of use, and a high proportion of the minerals that are consumed in the production process could, in principle, be recycled. The technological and financial constraints on recycling such concentrations of minerals are considerable, however, and there is no guarantee that these constraints could be overcome. Substitution of abundant for scarce resources would avoid the problem, but such substitution is not always technologically feasible. F C It is wrong to assume that the substitution of abundant for scarce resources will create T The controversial new code on corporate governance has been reassessed and significantly changed in advance of publication. Following intense pressure from company directors many of the original proposals have been scrapped, and many others have been watered down to reduce the pressure of compliance on organizations. Overall, the revisions have resulted in the removal of rules that restrict company behaviors in favor of the introduction of a recommendations-based approach, which does not set specific standards of behavior. The changes have highlighted the divide between company directors, who generally support the changes as vital to keep away from a culture of rule avoidance, and other shareholder groups who believe that a best practice approach lacks teeth and will not result in greater board accountability. Following the revision, the code is now much more prescriptive in its approach to corporate governance. C F Company directors and shareholders are in agreement that something has to be done to improve processes of corporate governance. F A culture of rule avoidance leads to less board accountability. C The location of a shop operated by a charity in an affluent neighborhood could be deemed

extremely advantageous because this increases the potential for a continuous supply of highly valuable donations. However, this may be counterbalanced by an exorbitant rent for the property. Of fundamental importance to the success of the shop is a dedicated group of volunteers who should sort through donations promptly to ensure that items are quickly

made available for purchase, in order to promote financial prosperity. Volunteers and staff must be vigilant of thieves, to which these shops are particularly susceptible, usually due to a lack of security cameras or bar codes on the item.

The only factor affecting the financial success of a shop operated by a charity is its location. F Shops operated by charitable organizations are particularly vulnerable to shoplifter if there are no security cameras or bar codes on items. T It is less likely that shops operated by charities which are situated in affluent neighborhoods will have volunteers who are more dedicated, than those in less wealthy neighborhoods. C