HOW TO BE A GOOD GRADUATE STUDENT(2)

9．Keep the papers you read filed away so you can find them again later,and set up an online bibliography.I find it useful to add extra fields for keywords,the location of the paper(if you borrowed the reference from the library or a friend),and a short summary of particularly interesting papers.This bibliography will be useful for later reference,for writing your dissertation,and for sharing with other graduate students(and eventually,perhaps,advisees).

⑨把读过的论文归档便于以后查找，建立一个网上参考书目。我发现附加关键词、文章的来源等信息十分有用（如果你从图书馆或朋友那里借阅资料），还可以为特别有兴趣的论文增加一个简短的摘要。这个参考书目将有助于以后查阅、撰写学位论文以及与其他研究生分享（也

研究生英文(第二版)曾建彬主编,复旦大学出版社,Unit Two Education Text How To Be A Good Graduate Student

许最终会成为接受指导的人）。

10．At times,particularly in the“middle years”,it can be very hard to maintain a positive attitude and stay motivated.Many graduate students suffer from insecurity,anxiety,and even boredom.First of all,realize that these are normal feelings.Try to find a sympathetic ear--another graduate student,your advisor,or a friend outside of school.Next,try to identify why you're having trouble and identify concrete steps that you can take to improve the situation.To stay focused and motivated,it often helps to have organized activities to force you to manage your time and to do something every day.Setting up regular meetings with your advisor,attending seminars,or even extracurricular activities such as sports or music can help you to maintain a regular schedule.

⑩有时候，尤其是研究生读到“一半”的时候，要保持积极的心态和充足的动力十分困难。许多研究生忍受不安全感、焦虑感甚至厌倦感。首先要意识到这些感觉都很正常。尽量找到一个愿意倾听的耳朵--其他研究生、你的导师、校外的一个朋友。接下来，尽力确定你的困难之所在并确定你可能采取的具体步骤以改善现状。保持明确的方向和充足的动力，参加一些有组织的、促进时间管理和每天必做的活动会对你有帮助。和你的导师确立定期会谈的时间、参加研讨会甚至参加运动类或音乐类的课外活动，都可以帮助你保持正常的作息时间。

11．Be realistic about what you can accomplish,and try to concrete on giving yourself positive feedback for tasks you do complete,instead of negative feedback for those you don't.Setting daily,weekly,and monthly goals is a good idea,and works even better if you use a“buddy system”where you and another student meet at regular intervals to review your progress.Try to find people to work with:doing research is much easier if you have someone to bounce ideas off of and to give you feedback.

11对于你可能完成的目标抱着务实的态度,尽量把注意力集中在积极评价你已经完成的任务上，而不是消极批评你未能完成的事情。设置每日、每周、每月的目标是一个好主意，如果你采取“伙伴制度”，工作的效果会更好。你可以和另一个研究生定期见面，一同审视工作的进度。尽量找到可以合作的人：如果你有畅所欲言的对象和给你提供反馈意见的人，做研究会容易得多。

12．Breaking down any project into smaller pieces is always a good tactic when things seem unmanageable.At the highest level,doing a master's project before diving into a Ph.D.dissertation is generally a good idea(and is mandatory at some schools).A master's gives you a chance to learn more about an area,do a smaller research project,and establish working relationships with your advisor and fellow students.

12当事情看似无法掌控时，将任何项目拆分为更加细小的部分通常是一个很好的策略。从最高层面来说，在开始博士毕业论文之前，从事硕士项目通常是一个很好的想法（在有些学校是强制性的）。硕士的经历使你有机会更多地了解一个领域，从事小规模的研究项目，建立同

研究生英文(第二版)曾建彬主编,复旦大学出版社,Unit Two Education Text How To Be A Good Graduate Student

导师和同学的工作关系。

13．The divide-and-conquer strategy works on a day-to-day level as well.Instead of writing an entire thesis,focus on the goal of writing a chapter,section,or outline.Instead of implementing a large system,break off pieces and implement one module at a time.Identify tasks that you can do in an hour or less;then you can come up with a realistic daily schedule.If you have doubts,don’t let them stop you from accomplishing something--take it one day at a time.Remember,every task you complete gets you closer to finishing.Even if you don’t have any obvious progress,you’ll have learned something,although it may be“don’t waste your time on this task again!”

13分而治之战略在日常工作中也起作用。与其写整篇论文，不如专注于写一章、一节或提纲。而不是实现一个大系统，断块和一次实现一个模块。确定你能在一小时或更少时间内完成的任务，然后你可以制定一个切合实际的日常计划。如果你有怀疑，不要让他们阻止你完成某事--一天一次地做。记住，每一个任务你完成让你更接近完成。即使你没有任何明显的进步，你会学到东西虽然这可能是“不要在这项任务上浪费时间”！

14．In order to do original research,you must be aware of ongoing research in your field.Most students spend up to a year reading and studying current research to identify important open problems.However,you'll never be able to read everything that might be relevant--and new work is always being published.

14为了开展独创性的研究，你必须知道该领域里目前正在进行的研究。多数学生花费多达一年的时间来阅读和学习当前的研究以发现重要的悬而未决的问题。然而，阅读与研究有关的一切文献是不可能的，而且总是会有新的研究成果出版。

15．Try to become aware and stay aware of directly related research--but if you see new work that seems to be doing exactly what you're working on,don't panic.It's common for graduate students to see a related piece of work and think that their topic is ruined.If this happens to you,reread the paper several times to get a good understanding of what they've really been accomplished.Show the paper to your advisor or someone else who's familiar with your topic and whose opinions you respect.Introduce yourself to the author at a conference or by e-mail,and tell them abou …… 此处隐藏：5337字，全部文档内容请下载后查看。喜欢就下载吧 ……